Growth factors that stimulate human granulocyte—macrophage colony formation produced by the cell line CM‐S

Abstract

CM-S is an autonomous cell line of human hemopoietic precursor cells inducible to monocyte-macrophage differentiation in response to appropriate inducing agents. CM-S cells produce factors that stimulate their own growth and proliferation, and are also capable of stimulating clonal proliferation of human, but not mouse, monocytic and granulocytic bone marrow progenitor cells in viscous medium. Preliminary purification steps have demonstrated at least two species, one of which (MW 30,000-50,000) retains both these activities, while the other (MW less than or equal to 10,000) apparently retains only the autostimulatory activity. CM-S cells could thus be a useful source for the purification of human colony stimulating factors (CSFs). CM-S cells also respond to factors present in human placenta conditioned medium, known to contain human CSF. This suggests that CM-S cells could provide a homogeneous target cell population for testing CSFs from other human sources.

Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Sequences in Precursor Monocyte-Macrophage Cell Lines Established from the Bone Marrow of Children with Maturation Defects of Haematopoiesis

“…Four autonomous cell lines were established from bone marrow blood samples obtained from young patients affected by a variety of disorders: a 3 year-old male with congenital hypoplastic (DiamondBlackfan) anaemia (line CM-S), a 7 month-old male with cyclic neutropenia (line AD-S), a 1 year-old female also with cyclic neutropenia (line CV-S) and a 6 month-old male with cyclic dysmyelopoiesis associated with pancreatic insufficiency (Shwachman-Diamond syndrome) (line ROV-S). The establishment, growth properties, ultrastructural and in vitro differentiation characteristics of the four lines have been presented in detail (Monaco et al, 1982;Ranelletti et al, 1983;Bertolini et al, 1984;Sambuy et al, 1985;Revoltella et al, 1986;Romitti et al, 1986). Tables 1 and 2 summarize the observed i mmunotype and other various markers of the lines, Fig.…”

“…1 illustrates the typical appearance of the cell lines. Briefly, they can be characterized as monocyte-macrophage progenitor cell lines in that the cells grow in suspension in an undifferentiated form, but they can be stimulated to differentiate and resemble macrophage cells in the presence of appropriate chemicals, such as the tumour promoter 12-0-tetradeeanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) (Monaco et al, 1982;Ranelletti et al, 1983Ranelletti et al, , 1986Bertolini et al, 1984;Sambuy et al, 1985;Revoltella et al, 1986;Romitti et al, 1986). Criteria for monoeyte-macrophage differentiation in response to TPA included adherence to the culture vessel, loss of replicative capacity, positive non-specific esterase activity, production of colony-stimulating factors for granulocyte and macrophage precursors, interleukin 1 (IL-1) and lysozyme, expression of histocompatibility class II (HLA DR and DQ) antigens and monocyte-restricted membrane antigens, Fc and C3b rosette formation, immunophagocytosis and phagocytic properties.…”