Growth Hormone and Kynesitherapy for Brain Injury Recovery

Devesa, Jesús; Devesa, Pablo; Reimunde, Pedro; Arce, V.

doi:10.5772/26998

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 166 publications

(176 reference statements)

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“…The data from this study support our hypothesis that the earlier a treatment with GH, MT and rehabilitation begins, the more feasible it will be to achieve significant improvements in children with CP [52].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Early Treatment with Growth Hormone (GH) and Rehabilitation Recovers Hearing in a Child with Cerebral Palsy

Guerra¹,

Devesa²,

Llorente³

et al. 2019

Reports

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Neonatal hearing loss is one of the most common anomalies and is frequently associated with delivery problems. The effects of growth hormone (GH) on brain regeneration after an injury are well known. This paper looks at a male child diagnosed with cerebral palsy, psychomotor affectation, left spastic hemiparesis, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss after fetal distress due to ruptured membranes before the delivery of more than 30 hours of evolution and several episodes of severe hypoglycemia. From 3.5 months of age, we treated him with GH (0.04 mg/kg/day), Melatonin (5 mg/day and 6 months later 10 mg/day) and rehabilitation, for a period of 14 months; at discharge, the child fully recovered all the disabilities produced by his cerebral palsy, including normal hearing; GMFM-88 increased from 7.84% to 48.23%; Battelle scores increased from 2 to 9 after 7 months of treatment, and to 30, 1 year after discharge. Most likely hearing loss was recovered due to the effect of GH on the production of hair cells from stem cells (only present in very young children) in the cochlear sensory epithelium. This is the first case of recovery of hearing loss in humans after GH administration. Moreover, GH administration is useful and safe for early treatment of cerebral palsy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Early Treatment with Growth Hormone (GH) and Rehabilitation Recovers Hearing in a Child with Cerebral Palsy

Guerra¹,

Devesa²,

Llorente³

et al. 2019

Reports

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“…Brain repair after an injury involves a number of complex processes. Abundant evidence indicates that growth hormone (GH) administration, added to rehabilitation, can significantly contribute to the recovery of an acquired brain injury, both in animal models [ 1 – 9 ] and in human patients [ 10 – 15 ], regardless of whether the patient is GH-deficient (GHD) or not [ 14 – 18 ]. However, it is not clear whether there is a period of time after a brain injury during which GH can exert its positive effects for brain repair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Improvement of Skilled Forelimb Use Induced by Treatment with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation Is Dependent on the Onset of the Treatment after Cortical Ablation

et al. 2018

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We previously demonstrated that the administration of GH immediately after severe motor cortex injury, in rats, followed by rehabilitation, improved the functionality of the affected limb and reexpressed nestin in the contralateral motor cortex. Here, we analyze whether these GH effects depend on a time window after the injury and on the reexpression of nestin and actin. Injured animals were treated with GH (0.15 mg/kg/day) or vehicle, at days 7, 14, and 35 after cortical ablation. Rehabilitation was applied at short and long term (LTR) after the lesion and then sacrificed. Nestin and actin were analyzed by immunoblotting in the contralateral motor cortex. Giving GH at days 7 or 35 after the lesion, but not 14 days after it, led to a remarkable improvement in the functionality of the affected paw. Contralateral nestin and actin reexpression was clearly higher in GH-treated animals, probably because compensatory brain plasticity was established. GH and immediate rehabilitation are key for repairing brain injuries, with the exception of a critical time period: GH treatment starting 14 days after the lesion. Our data also indicate that there is not a clear plateau in the recovery from a brain injury in agreement with our data in human patients.

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“…GH is a particularly interesting option due to its approval profile, efficacy and safety. Furthermore, there is now building evidence demonstrating that GH treatment in addition to standard rehabilitation can significantly contribute to the motor recovery of an acquired brain injury [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]37,46,47]. For instance, Heredia et al [18,37] observed that administration of GH subcutaneously together with rehabilitation significantly improved motor function in rats as measured by the paw-reaching-for-food task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The therapeutic potential of GH on brain repair after brain injury or stroke has been considered in both human [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and preclinical [19][20][21][22][23][24] studies. GH, a peptide hormone released from the anterior pituitary gland, plays an important role in brain growth, development and function [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Hormone Promotes Motor Function after Experimental Stroke and Enhances Recovery-Promoting Mechanisms within the Peri-Infarct Area

Sanchez-Bezanilla

Åberg

Crock

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Motor impairment is the most common and widely recognised clinical outcome after stroke. Current clinical practice in stroke rehabilitation focuses mainly on physical therapy, with no pharmacological intervention approved to facilitate functional recovery. Several studies have documented positive effects of growth hormone (GH) on cognitive function after stroke, but surprisingly, the effects on motor function remain unclear. In this study, photothrombotic occlusion targeting the motor and sensory cortex was induced in adult male mice. Two days post-stroke, mice were administered with recombinant human GH or saline, continuing for 28 days, followed by evaluation of motor function. Three days after initiation of the treatment, bromodeoxyuridine was administered for subsequent assessment of cell proliferation. Known neurorestorative processes within the peri-infarct area were evaluated by histological and biochemical analyses at 30 days post-stroke. This study demonstrated that GH treatment improves motor function after stroke by 50%–60%, as assessed using the cylinder and grid walk tests. Furthermore, the observed functional improvements occurred in parallel with a reduction in brain tissue loss, as well as increased cell proliferation, neurogenesis, increased synaptic plasticity and angiogenesis within the peri-infarct area. These findings provide new evidence about the potential therapeutic effects of GH in stroke recovery.

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Growth Hormone and Kynesitherapy for Brain Injury Recovery

Cited by 11 publications

References 166 publications

Early Treatment with Growth Hormone (GH) and Rehabilitation Recovers Hearing in a Child with Cerebral Palsy

Early Treatment with Growth Hormone (GH) and Rehabilitation Recovers Hearing in a Child with Cerebral Palsy

Motor Improvement of Skilled Forelimb Use Induced by Treatment with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation Is Dependent on the Onset of the Treatment after Cortical Ablation

Growth Hormone Promotes Motor Function after Experimental Stroke and Enhances Recovery-Promoting Mechanisms within the Peri-Infarct Area

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