Growth hormone and selective attention: A review

Quik, Elise H.; Dam, P. Sytze van; Kenemans, J. Leon

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.01.001

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Growth hormone ( GH ), a major factor in regulating growth of vertebrates, has been considered as a candidate gene associated with linear growth, food conversion and appetite in fish [7–9]. To date, polymorphisms in the GH gene have been reported and some SNPs have been revealed to be associated with economic traits in several fishes, such as brown trout [10], chinook salmon [11], bleak [12], Atlantic salmon [13], common bream [14], and large yellow croaker [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Growth Hormone Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits in Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)

Tian

Yang

et al. 2014

IJMS

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Growth hormone (GH) has been considered as a candidate gene for growth traits in fish. In this study, polymorphisms of the GH gene were evaluated for associations with growth traits in 282 Siniperca chuatsi individuals. Using directly sequencing, four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in GH gene, with two mutations in intron 4 (g.4940A>C, g.4948A>T), one mutation in exon 5 (g.5045T>C) and one in intron 5 (g.5234T>G). Notably, three of them were significantly associated with growth performance, particularly for g.4940A>C which was highly correlated with all the four growth traits. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that these SNPs in GH gene could influence growth performance of S.chuatsi and could be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in this species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Growth Hormone Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits in Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)

Tian

Yang

et al. 2014

IJMS

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“…In both elderly and GH-deficient adults, this decreased GH/IGF-I activity has been associated with changes in body composition and metabolism, altered sleep patterns and reduced cognitive function. GH replacement therapy has been found to improve some age-dependent cognitive functions, such as memory, motivation, or mental processing speed (Nass et al 2009; Quik et al 2010). In a dwarf rat model with reduced levels of serum GH and IGF1 beginning before adolescence, early intervention with GH for 10 weeks starting around puberty was reported to ameliorate age-related pathology in later life and increase lifespan (Sonntag et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth hormone and melatonin prevent age-related alteration in apoptosis processes in the dentate gyrus of male rats

2013

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It has been suggested that the age-related decrease in the number of neurons in the hippocampus that leads to alterations in brain function, may be associated with an increase in apoptosis due to the reduced secretion of growth hormone (GH) and/or melatonin in old animals. In order to investigate this possibility, male Wistar rats of 22 months of age were divided into three groups. One group remained untreated and acted as the control group. The second was treated with growth hormone (hGH) for 10 weeks (2 mg/kg/d sc) and the third was subjected to melatonin treatment (1 mg/kg/d) in the drinking water for the same time. A group of 2-months-old male rats was used as young controls. All rats were killed by decapitation at more than 24 month of age and dentate gyri of the hippocampi were collected. Aging in the dentate gyrus was associated with an increase in apoptosis promoting markers (Bax, Bad and AIF) and with the reduction of some anti-apoptotic ones (XIAP, NIAP, Mcl-1). Expressions of sirtuin 1 and 2 (SIRT1 and 2) as well as levels of HSP 70 were decreased in the dentate gyrus of old rats. GH treatment was able to reduce the pro/anti-apoptotic ratio to levels observed in young animals and also to increase SIRT2. Melatonin reduced also expression of pro-apoptotic genes and proteins (Bax, Bad and AIF), and increased levels of myeloid cell leukemia-1 proteins and SIRT1. Both treatments were able to reduce apoptosis and to enhance survival markers in this part of the hippocampus.

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“…A related finding was reported by Peace et al [23], who observed that GHD patients who had received radiation therapy in the past actually performed better on the trail making A than GHD patients without past radiation exposure, but that these radiation doses may be unfavorable for executivefunction processes. This would explain why low GH was associated with impairments in interference control and attentional shifting in the present sample, but not for patients without a history of radiation therapy, as we reviewed previously [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Reduced growth hormone secretion after cranial irradiation contributes to neurocognitive dysfunction

Quik

Valk

Drent

et al. 2012

Growth Hormone & IGF Research

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a b s t r a c tThe objective of this study was to investigate the relation between growth hormone (GH) and attentional electro-cortical responses to task-relevant stimuli (N2b), target detections, speed of responding, P300 latencies, and performance on neuropsychological tests in 19 patients who received external beam radiation therapy for brain tumors in adulthood. In addition, we studied the association between IGF-I and activation of the motor cortex responses (lateralized readiness potential, LRP). Brain function was assessed using event-related potentials (ERPs) during a go/no go selective-attention task, including N2b, P300 and selective motor preparation as reflected in the LRP. Correlations were calculated between peak GH levels after a standardized growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)-arginine test, plasma IGF-I, and cognitive functions. We separately studied four patients who were diagnosed with GHD according to the GHRH-arginine test. Performance on WAIS digit span backward and the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test correlated positively with GH peak. GHD patients performed worse than non-GHD patients on Stroop interference, trail making B/A attentional shifting and Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test. At trend-level significance, trails A performance was better in patients with lower GH levels and higher radiation doses, and GHD participants detected fewer targets in the go/no go selective attention task. N2b was not significantly altered by GH status. Furthermore, plasma IGF-I was positively correlated with the sum of digit span forward and backward. No relations with P300 were observed. In this study only 21% (4/19) of the patients who received fractionated radiotherapy for a non-endocrine brain tumor were diagnosed with GHD. GHD in these patients was associated with impaired interference control, attentional shifting, and visual long-term memory. The results for interference control and attentional shifting suggest an additional effect of the radiation history.

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Growth hormone and selective attention: A review

Cited by 15 publications

References 66 publications

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Growth Hormone Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits in Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Growth Hormone Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits in Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)

Growth hormone and melatonin prevent age-related alteration in apoptosis processes in the dentate gyrus of male rats

Reduced growth hormone secretion after cranial irradiation contributes to neurocognitive dysfunction

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