Growth of GdCa4O(BO3)3 by the Czochralski Method and Some Structure Properties

Pajączkowska, A.; Kłos, A.; Hilczer, B.; Menguy, and N.; Novosselov, A.

doi:10.1021/cg0155402

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…[7,8] GdCOB is isostructural to the calcium fluoroborate Ca 5 (BO 3 ) 3 F, which is related to the common fluoroapatite structure Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F. [9,10] There are two types of Ca 2+ ions that occupy distorted octahedral sites. All octahedra share corners with BO 3 triangles to form a three-dimensional network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One should also consider the existence of a probable disorder between calcium and gadolinium atoms in the two octahedral positions. [7,8] This paper presents results from an investigation of the composition and the electronic structure of this rare-earth calcium oxoborate. Core-level spectroscopy and results for the occupied states in the valence band are the first comprehensive measurements for this material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic structure of gadolinium calcium oxoborate

Nelson

Adams

Schaffers

2005

Applied Surface Science

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Gadolinium calcium oxoborate (GdCOB) is a nonlinear optical material that belongs to the calcium-rare-earth (R) oxoborate family, with general composition Ca 4 RO(BO 3 ) 3 (R 3+ = La, Sm, Gd, Lu, Y). X-ray photoemission was applied to study the valence band electronic structure and surface chemistry of this material. High resolution photoemission measurements on the valence band electronic structure and Gd 3d and 4d, Ca 2p, B 1s and O 1s core lines were used to evaluate the surface and near surface chemistry. These results provide measurements of the valence band electronic structure and surface chemistry of this rare-earth oxoborate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic structure of gadolinium calcium oxoborate

Nelson

Adams

Schaffers

2005

Applied Surface Science

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“…GCOB is usually synthesized by solid-state reactions [4], and has been grown as single crystals by flux method [5] and from melt using Czochralski technique [2,6]. The defect structure in the crystals has been studied by using chemical etching [6,7], high-resolution electron microscopy [6] and x-ray topography [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The defect structure in the crystals has been studied by using chemical etching [6,7], high-resolution electron microscopy [6] and x-ray topography [7]. However, except for a brief mention of its microhardness of 6.5 [6], probably on Mohs scale, neither the hardness of the crytals on planes of different orientations nor the dependence of hardness on load applied for indentation has been investigated so far. An additional motivation for this work is associated with the fact that both brittle and plastic materials show transitions in the plots of P/d against d (where P is the applied load and d is the indentation diagonal) at particular values of indentation diagonals d c [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], but the mechanism of occurrence of these transitions has not been investigated sufficiently [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of microindentation hardness of different planes of gadolinium calcium oxyborate single crystals

Sangwal

Kłos

2005

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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The microhardness H V of gadolinium calcium oxyborate single crystals has been investigated on the planes of different orientations as a function of applied load and indenter orientation. It was found that: (1) on the (010) plane microhardness is practically independent of indenter orientation and indenter diagonal d, and is constant, (2) on the (100) and (001) planes both normal and reverse indentation size effects occur in the indentation diagonal intervals below and above a critical value d c , and (3) at loads exceeding about 30 g all indentation impressions are accompanied by cracks, the formation of which does not depend on the orientations of indentations. The observations of indentation size effect were analysed by using HaysKendall's approach, the proportional specimen resistance model of Li and Bradt, and the strain gradient plasticity theory. The analysis of the data revealed that: (1) indentation size effect on the different faces of gadmium calcium oxyborate may be explained satisfactorily by the proportional specimen resistance model and the strain gradient plasticity theory, (2) the models explain the dependence of microhardness H V on indentation diagonal d in the range d < d c , while for deformation at d > d c the excess indentation pressure, and the energy associated with it, is expended in creating and developing radial and lateral cracks around indentations, and (3) in the range d < d c the load-independent microhardness H 0 on different planes changes in the sequence: H 0 (010) > H 0 (001) > H 0 (100), and may be explained in terms of the process of rupturing of successive planes perpendicular to the direction of penetration of indenter.

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