Growth of rice cultivars by direct seeding and transplanting under upland and lowland conditions

Naklang, Kunnika; Fukai, S.; Nathabut, Kesorn

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(96)01029-5

Cited by 77 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Oxygen concentrations in the soil usually show vertical gradients with soil depth (Lüdemann et al, 2000) and radial gradients with distance from the root surface (Revsbech et al, 1999). A large amount of the surface roots of DSR may be advantageous in obtaining oxygen from floodwater (Naklang et al, 1996). Zhang et al (2011a,b) also reported that the nitrification decreased and denitrification increased with soil depth (in 0-20 cm) in DSR experimental fields.…”

Section: Nitrification and Denitrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Mnguu, 2010); 105-118 kg ha −1 (Schnier et al, 1990)). Since the root mass of DSR is distributed shallower and more evenly in the soil (Naklang et al, 1996;Yadav et al, 2007) compared to TPR, most uptake of water and nutrients occurred in the shallower soil layer.…”

Section: Crop Nitrogen Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers have previously reported that the DSR has different water management needs from TPR (Kumar and Ladha, 2011;Weerakoon et al, 2011). Additionally, some reports indicate that in DSR fields, most N is applied during the early-to-middle growth season (Naklang et al, 1996;Zhang and Wang, 2002;Yin et al, 2004;Brar and Bhullar, 2013), while in traditional TPR fields, about 40-60% of the total N fertilizer is applied as a basal fertilizer (Naklang et al, 1996;Hayashi et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2009). Also, the distinct distribution of the root mass of DSR compared to TPR significantly influences the N fate and transport in paddy soils (Naklang et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, some reports indicate that in DSR fields, most N is applied during the early-to-middle growth season (Naklang et al, 1996;Zhang and Wang, 2002;Yin et al, 2004;Brar and Bhullar, 2013), while in traditional TPR fields, about 40-60% of the total N fertilizer is applied as a basal fertilizer (Naklang et al, 1996;Hayashi et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2009). Also, the distinct distribution of the root mass of DSR compared to TPR significantly influences the N fate and transport in paddy soils (Naklang et al, 1996). As a result, this shift of rice cultivation method, as well as tillage method, could result in different water and N losses from paddy fields, leading to different impacts on surface and ground water environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of nitrogen balance in a direct-seeded-rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D

Šimůnek

Zhang

et al. 2015

Agricultural Water Management

119

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a b s t r a c tNitrogen (N) pollution is a global environmental problem that has greatly increased the risks of both the eutrophication of surface waters and contamination of ground waters. The majority of N pollution mainly comes from agricultural fields, in particular during rice growing seasons. In recent years, a gradual shift from the transplanting rice cultivation method to the direct seeding method has occurred, which results in different water and N losses from paddy fields and leads to distinct impacts on water environments. The N transport and transformations in an experimental direct-seeded-rice (DSR) field in the Taihu Lake Basin of east China were observed during two consecutive seasons, and simulated using Hydrus-1D model. The observed crop N uptake, ammonia volatilization (AV), N concentrations in soil, and N leaching were used to calibrate and validate the model parameters. The two most important inputs of N, i.e., fertilization and mineralization, were considered in the simulations with 220 and 145.5 kg ha −1 in 2008 and 220 and 147.8 kg ha −1 in 2009, respectively. Ammonia volatilization and nitrate denitrification were the two dominant pathways of N loss, accounting for about 16.0% and 38.8% of the total N input (TNI), respectively. Both nitrification and denitrification processes mainly occurred in the root zone. N leaching at 60 and 120 cm depths accounted for about 6.8% and 2.7% of TNI, respectively. The crop N uptake was 32.1% and 30.8% of TNI during the 2008 and 2009 seasons, respectively, and ammonium was the predominant form (74% of the total N uptake on average). Simulated N concentrations and fluxes in soil matched well with the corresponding observed data. Hydrus-1D could simulate the N transport and transformations in the DSR field, and could thus be a good tool for designing optimal fertilizer management practices in the future.

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Section: Nitrification and Denitrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crop Nitrogen Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of nitrogen balance in a direct-seeded-rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D

Šimůnek

Zhang

et al. 2015

Agricultural Water Management

119

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“…During the first two weeks after seeding, rather than being flooded as with TPR, the top soil only needs to keep sufficient moisture to allow for seed germination (Cabangon et al, 2002). As a result, the root mass of DSR is distributed shallower than that of traditional TPR, which consequently produces different vertical profiles of the water content (Naklang et al, 1996;Yadav et al, 2007). Furthermore, compared to TPR, DSR prefers an alternative drying and wetting soil environment during the middlelate season when multiple smaller irrigations can benefit both the plant growth and deeper root growth (Chen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of water movement and water losses in a direct-seeded-rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D

Šimůnek

Jing

et al. 2014

Agricultural Water Management

103

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a b s t r a c tIn the recent decade, increasing costs of labor, water, and fertilizers around the world led to a change in the method of crop establishment from traditional transplanted rice (TPR) to direct-seeded rice (DSR) and to a substantial rise in the DSR-managed area. Since water management in areas with DSR is quite different from those with TPR, vertical water movement and water and nutrient losses during the crop season may be different as well. Water flow and water losses in a DSR field in the Taihu Lake Basin of east China were monitored and evaluated using Hydrus-1D during two seasons with different rainfalls and irrigation managements.

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Early seedling vigour, an imperative trait for direct-seeded rice: an overview on physio-morphological parameters and molecular markers

Mahender

Anandan

Pradhan

2015

Planta

162

131

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Rapid uniform germination and accumulation of biomass during initial phase of seedling establishment is an essential phenotypic trait considered as early seedling vigour for direct seeded situation in rice irrespective of environment. Enhanced role of carbohydrate, amylase, growth hormones, antioxidant enzymes and ascorbic acid brings changes in vigour and phenotype of seedling. Early establishment and demanding life form dominate the surroundings. Crop plant that has better growth overdrives the weed plant and suppresses its growth. Seedling early vigour is the characteristic of seed quality and describes the rapid, uniform germination and the establishment of strong seedlings in any environmental condition. The phenotype of modern rice varieties has been changed into adaptable for transplanted rice with thirst toward water and selection pressure for semi-dwarf architecture resulting in reduced early vigour. Decreasing freshwater availability and rising labour cost drives the search for a suitable alternative management system to enhance grain yield productivity for the burgeoning world population. In view of these issues, much attention has been focused on dry direct-seeded rice, because it demands low input. A rice cultivar with a strong seedling vigour trait is desirable in case of direct seeding. However, seedling vigour has not been selected in crop improvement programmes in conventional breeding due to its complex nature and quantitative inheritance. Molecular markers have been proven effective in increasing selection efficiency, particularly for quantitative traits that are simply inherited. Marker-assisted selection approach has facilitated efficient and precise transfer of genes/QTL(s) into many crop species and suggests a speedy and efficient technique over conventional breeding and selection methods. In this review, we present the findings and investigations in the field of seedling vigour in rice that includes the nature of inheritance of physio-morphological and biochemical traits and QTLs to assist plant breeders who work for direct-seeded rice.

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Growth of rice cultivars by direct seeding and transplanting under upland and lowland conditions

Cited by 77 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of nitrogen balance in a direct-seeded-rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D

Evaluation of nitrogen balance in a direct-seeded-rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D

Evaluation of water movement and water losses in a direct-seeded-rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D

Early seedling vigour, an imperative trait for direct-seeded rice: an overview on physio-morphological parameters and molecular markers

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