Growth of the gastrointestinal tract in weaning pigs
as affected by crude fibre content in the diet

Skiba, G.; Raj, S. Shanmuga Sundara; Weremko, D.; Fandrejewski, H.

doi:10.22358/jafs/67148/2005

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For instance, solid feed consumption increased stomach weight in suckling piglets (Cranwell, 1985). Moreover, intake of grass meal fibre (10% and 20% of the diet) positively correlated with stomach weight of weaned piglets (Skiba et al, 2005). Similarly, a diet high in insoluble fibre (from straw and oat hulls) increased relative stomach weight in freshly weaned piglets (Gerritsen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet and stomach characteristics of feral piglets (Sus scrofa): Implications for farmed piglets

Hees

Ballari

Dieste‐Pérez

et al. 2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Evaluation of the diet of the pig (Sus scrofa) in natural settings may provide new views on diet optimization for growth and development of commercially raised piglets under farm conditions. A field study was conducted to gain insight in the diet and stomach characteristics of feral piglets. Forty animals (body weight: 4.6 ± 1.37 kg) were collected from the Bahía Samborombón (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Stomachs were weighed after storage in formalin and the particle size distribution of their contents was determined by wet sieving. Diet items present in their stomachs were classified and their proportional weight and relative abundance was calculated. Based on their dentition, 5, 16 and 19 piglets were approximately 1, 3-6 and 6-16 weeks of age respectively. Vegetable matter (mainly 'leaves and stems') was predominantly present in 39 animals. It represented on average 83 ± 36.4% of total stomach contents by weight. The stomachs of 12 piglets contained curd and represented on average 16 ± 35.1% by weight. Other diet items were less abundant or absent. The proportion of stomach particles retained were 24%, 13%, 22%, 13% and 28% for sieves with mesh sizes of 2000, 1000, 420, 210 and <210 µm respectively. For comparison, we used data of farmed piglets of similar age and fed a nutrient-dense, finely ground diet. Feral piglets' relative empty stomach weights increased with age (p < 0.050), whereas this was not the case for farmed piglets. Relative stomach contents weight increased significantly with age only for farmed piglets (p < 0.050). We infer from our data that feral suckling piglets consumed a variety of non-milk items, mainly consisting of vegetable material with a coarse particle size from their first week in life onwards. Their diet is associated with an enhanced stomach development compared to those of farmed piglets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparative Analysis (Body Weight Stomach Development)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Diet and stomach characteristics of feral piglets (Sus scrofa): Implications for farmed piglets

Hees

Ballari

Dieste‐Pérez

et al. 2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Thirdly, dietary fibre may induce growth and functional maturation of the tissues of the GIT (Gerritsen et al, 2012; Jin et al, 1994; Jørgensen et al, 1996; Skiba et al, 2005). Through its bulking effect, viscosity or water‐holding capacity, dietary fibre can alter intestinal transit kinetics, such as through modulating gastric emptying rate or transversal motility supporting gastrointestinal development per se (Kim et al, 2012; Molist et al., 2014; Van Hees et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibre supplementation to pre‐weaning piglet diets did not improve the resilience towards a post‐weaning enterotoxigenic E. coli challenge

Hees

Maes

Millet

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Dietary fibre (DF) is implicated in gastrointestinal health of weaned piglets, either through its physiochemical properties, through modulation of gut microbiota and (or) improved gut integrity. We aimed to study the effect of DF enriched supplemental diets fed to suckling piglets (‘creep feed’) on health and performance after weaning when challenged with an enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Seventy‐two piglets originating from 28 litters had been fed four creep diets, that is a low‐fibre control (CON); a diet containing 2% long‐chain arabinoxylans from wheat (lc‐AXOS) or 5% purified cellulose (CELL) or a diet containing the high fermentable and the low‐fermentable fibre source (i.e. 2% lc‐AXOS and 5% CELL). Upon weaning, piglets were individually housed and all fed the same diet. On days 7, 8 and 9, animals received an oral dose of ETEC (5 ml containing 107 to 108 CFU/ml). Besides growth performance, faecal and skin scores were recorded daily. Gut permeability was assessed by urinary excretion of Co‐EDTA prior and post‐ETEC challenge. Repeated measures in time were statistically evaluated with generalized linear mixed models. We used a binominal distribution for evaluating the faecal and skin scores. Feed intake and body weight gain did not differ between treatments (p > .05). Piglets on CELL decreased gain:feed ratio in week 2 + 3 week compared to CON (p = .035). Prior to ETEC challenge, gut permeability tended to increase for lc‐AXOS (p = .092). Moreover, lc‐AXOS as main effect increased intestinal permeability before ETEC challenge (p = .013), whereas the low‐fermentable fibre lead to elevated intestinal permeability after ETEC challenge (p = .014). The incidence of diarrhoea was higher for lc‐AXOS + CELL compared with lc‐AXOS (p = .036), while skin condition was unaffected. In conclusion, neither the high fermentable nor the low‐fermentable fibre source improved post‐weaning growth or gastrointestinal health of the piglets.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated the positive effect of dietary fiber in term of enhancing intestinal morphology in newly weaned pigs. Many ingredients have been used as dietary fiber sources such as a combination of oat hull and wheat straw (Gerritsen et al, 2012), barley hull (Hedemann et al, 2006) and grass meal (Skiba et al, 2005). Moreover, dietary fiber increases the activity of certain enzymes such as amylase and brush border enzymes in weaned pigs (Gerritsen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Fiber Level in Weaning Pig Diets on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Intestinal Morphology

Taksinanan¹,

Tartrakoon²,

Attamangkune³

et al. 2020

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Insoluble dietary fiber is benefit on gut volume and morphology of the pigs. Rice hull is the by-product from rice processing that rich of dietary fiber content. The objectives of our study were to evaluate the effects of dietary fiber level from grounded rice hull on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology and bacterial cell count in hindgut of weaning pigs. Thirty weaning pigs (21±3 days of age) were fed randomly with three experimental diets consisting of three levels of total Dietary Fiber (DF); 130, 140 and 150 g/kg with equal ratios of insoluble per soluble dietary fiber. On the 29th day, four pigs per treatment were euthanized for the collection of small intestinal tissue samples for morphological determination and digesta samples were collected for microbial counts. For digestibility determination, 12 weaned pigs were used to determine nutrient digestibility. The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) pigs at Week 1 was improved, however, there was overall no significant difference for growth performance and diarrhea incidence among the groups. The nutrient digestibility of energy and protein did not differ among treatments, whereas the digestibility of crude fat and fiber tended to increase (P = 0.082 and 0.074). Increasing of dietary fiber level tended to increase villus height and enhance villus height per crypt depth ratio (VH:CD) of ileum (VH:CD ratio were 1.94, 2.10 and 2.35 in pigs fed 130, 140 and 150 g/kg dietary fiber diets respectively; P = 0.062). The bacterial count in the gut content was not affected by dietary fiber level. In conclusion, the dietary fiber level between 130 to150 g/kg was not altering overall growth performance nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology intestinal bacteria population. However, the dietary fiber 140-150 g/ kg in diet could improve FCR in the first week after weaning and tended to improve the ileal morphology.

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Growth of the gastrointestinal tract in weaning pigs as affected by crude fibre content in the diet

Abstract: A growth of the gastrointestinal tract of weaned pigs as affected by crude fibre content in the diet was investigated on 16 piglets. Pigs of 10 kg body weight (BW) were offered a basal diet (group C and C 1 ) or diets formed by mixing a basal diet with 10 (diet GM 10

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Diet and stomach characteristics of feral piglets (Sus scrofa): Implications for farmed piglets

Diet and stomach characteristics of feral piglets (Sus scrofa): Implications for farmed piglets

Fibre supplementation to pre‐weaning piglet diets did not improve the resilience towards a post‐weaning enterotoxigenic E. coli challenge

Effects of Dietary Fiber Level in Weaning Pig Diets on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Intestinal Morphology

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