Growth of urea crystals by physical vapor transport

Feigelson, Robert S.; Route, R.; Kao, T.-M.

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(85)90209-x

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Using the results presented in Table 3, the aspect ratio (AS ¼R 001 /R 110 ) is found to be 1.54 and 1.60 for HF and DFT-B3LYP methods, respectively. We note here that our results for the aspect ratio are in excellent agreement with the corresponding experimental value of 1.5 [16,31]. The quantitative agreement between experimental and calculated shapes of urea crystal, where energetics has been obtained using 50% BSSE correction, is presented in Table 4.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…8(a) and (d) for un-relaxed and relaxed structures from HF and DFT-B3LYP methods, respectively. The relaxed growth morphologies obtained using HF and DFT methods are in excellent agreement with the experimental morphology of urea crystal obtained from vapour phase [16,31]. Both calculated and experimentally observed shapes of urea crystal show the appearance of (110), (001) and (111) faces.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

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Simulating vapour growth morphology of crystalline urea using modified attachment energy model

Singh

Banerjee

Gupta

2012

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Simulating vapour growth morphology of crystalline urea using modified attachment energy model

Singh

Banerjee

Gupta

2012

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…SOPVT techniques, which have previously been reported and discussed by many authors (e.g., Lauck et al (1986), (a)(b); ROSEMBERGER; SCHÖNHERR), proved suitable also for growing organic crystals [FEIGELSON et al;PIECHOTKA and KALDIS (1984), and others].…”

Section: General Featuresmentioning

confidence: 88%

Semiopen Physical Vapour Transport Growth of Urotropine Crystals

Zha¹,

Ferrari²,

Gennari

et al. 1999

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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Cryst. Res. Technol. 341999 3 311-318It is reported for the first time the growth of urotropine (HMT) crystals by a semiopen physical vapour transport (SOPVT) technique. HMT crystals, approximately 1 cm 3 in volume, are grown on a glass pedestal from solution-grown seeds. The final habit of the crystals is limited by rhomboedrical {110} faces which develop on an otherwise hemispherical shape. Preliminary X-ray diffraction investigations (rocking curves and topographs) point to a still non-homogeneous crystal structure, which very likely originates at the seed-crystal interface. However, in comparison with solution-grown samples, the best structural quality was observed in a SOPVT-grown sample.

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“…It was further noted that the predeposited NCs were aligned during dip coating, which resulted in parallel nanoribbons. OFETs fabricated with patterned CuPc [351] and F 16 CuPc [348] ribbons showed mobilities of 0.1 to 0.5 and 0.2 cm 2 /Vs, respectively, performing much better than those devices fabricated by the manual process of crystal placement described earlier [351].…”

Section: Patterned Deposition Os Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To remove such contaminants, a semiclosed system was thus advanced in which one end of the furnace tube was completely sealed and the other end was connected to a HV pump to continuously pump out the volatile impurities. For instance, urea crystals were successfully prepared in a semiclosed PVT system [348].…”

Section: Vapor-grown Os Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic semiconductors for device applications: current trends and future prospects

Ahmad

2014

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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Abstract:With the rich experience of developing silicon devices over a period of the last six decades, it is easy to assess the suitability of a new material for device applications by examining charge carrier injection, transport, and extraction across a practically realizable architecture; surface passivation; and packaging and reliability issues besides the feasibility of preparing mechanically robust wafer/substrate of single-crystal or polycrystalline/ amorphous thin films. For material preparation, parameters such as purification of constituent materials, crystal growth, and thin-film deposition with minimum defects/ disorders are equally important. Further, it is relevant to know whether conventional semiconductor processes, already known, would be useable directly or would require completely new technologies. Having found a likely candidate after such a screening, it would be necessary to identify a specific area of application against an existing list of materials available with special reference to cost reduction considerations in large-scale production. Various families of organic semiconductors are reviewed here, especially with the objective of using them in niche areas of large-area electronic displays, flexible organic electronics, and organic photovoltaic solar cells. While doing so, it appears feasible to improve mobility and stability by adjusting π-conjugation and modifying the energy bandgap. Higher conductivity nanocomposites, formed by blending with chemically conjugated C-allotropes and metal nanoparticles, open exciting methods of designing flexible contact/interconnects for organic and flexible electronics as can be seen from the discussion included here.

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Growth of urea crystals by physical vapor transport

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Simulating vapour growth morphology of crystalline urea using modified attachment energy model

Simulating vapour growth morphology of crystalline urea using modified attachment energy model

Semiopen Physical Vapour Transport Growth of Urotropine Crystals

Organic semiconductors for device applications: current trends and future prospects

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