Growth Promotion of Parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) Using Commercial Strains of Trichoderma spp.

Abstract

The growth of plants by the use of Trichoderma occurs through distinct mechanisms, among which it can highlight the synthesis of phytohormones and auxins analogues. The objective of this work was to evaluate Trichoderma spp. commercial strains in the promoting seedlings growth and in the productivity of parsley plants. In laboratory assay, seeds of parsley cv. ‘Graúda Portuguesa’ were treated with 2 mL of Trichoderma suspension (2.5 × 108 ml-1 conidia per 100 g of seeds) submitted to growth test until 28 days after sowing (DAS). For the greenhouse experiment, parsley seedlings were transplanted into 3.0 L pots containing soil, which was previously treated with 5 mL Trichoderma suspension, totaling 1.5 × 108 conidia per pot. In both, a control without Trichoderma application was included, being arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). The evaluations were: percentage of germination (PG), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), total length (TL = RL + SL), fresh root mass (FRM), fresh shoot mass (FSM), total fresh mass (TFM = FRM + FSM), root dry mass (RDM), shoot dry mass (SDM), total dry mass (BIO = RDM + SDM), root mass ratio (RMR = RDM/BIO), shoot mass ratio (SMR = SDM/BIO), aerial part/root system retio (AP/RS = SDM/RDM) and productivity at 110 DAS. Althougth no diferences was observed among the Trichoderma treatments and the control about yield, Trichoderma spp. strains provided better TFM (18.98 to 22.92 mg), BIO (3.37 to 4.31 mg) and root system superior to the control (14.20 and 2.44 mg, respectively) under greenhouse conditions. T. harzianum ESALQ1306 was the better strain in laboratory assyas, suggsting this isolate for applied in the seeds when it aims the promotion of initial growth.

Improvement of Nutraceutical Value of Parsley Leaves (Petroselinum crispum) upon Field Applications of Beneficial Microorganisms

“…Our data (Figure 1) show that single inoculants (T22 or AtB-42) affected the growth by increasing plant height after two treatments, while the microbial consortium (T22 + AtB-42) positively affected the shoot fresh weight. These data are consistent with other studies which have shown the effect of different fungal and bacterial strains on different crops [20,[27][28][29][30].…”

“…The ability of T. harzianum strain T22 and T. atroviride strain P1 to improve growth was investigated in several experiments on lettuce, tomato and pepper plants under field conditions [16]. It was also tested on parsley plants demonstrating an increase in total fresh and dry mass and root system, superior to the controls when applied on soil under greenhouse conditions [20].…”

“…The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of beneficial microorganisms on the metabolic profile of parsley. Streptomyces fulvissimus (strain AtB-42) and T. harzianum (strain T22) have been selected for the present study due to their well-known characteristic as bio-stimulants and biological control agents [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In order to investigate the chemical profile of parsley plants (P. crispum var.…”

Microbial Consortia for Effective Biocontrol of Root and Foliar Diseases in Tomato

“…It effectively antagonizes soil pathogens (Wilson et al, 2008;Percival et al, 2011;Roberti et al, 2015;Fatouros et al, 2018) and can trigger ISR against diverse above-and belowground attackers (Tucci et al, 2011;Vitti et al, 2016;Coppola et al, 2017Coppola et al, , 2019Debode et al, 2018;Pocurull et al, 2020;Alınç et al, 2021). Besides promoting plant growth, T. harzianum ESALQ1306 has been shown to highly reduce Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease severity through parasitism and to induce ISR against spider mites (Geraldine et al, 2013;De Oliveira et al, 2018;Barroso et al, 2019;Canassa et al, 2020). In contrast, R. irregularis is not a direct antagonist of plant pathogens, but is able to induce ISR against root and foliar pathogens (Martínez-Medina et al, 2011;Sanchez-Bel et al, 2016;Bidellaoui et al, 2019;Campo et al, 2020;Sanmartín et al, 2020).…”

Development and Evaluation of a Disposable Solid-State Culture Packed-Bed Bioreactor for the Production of Conidia from Trichoderma asperellum Grown Under Water Stress

“…Considering the total initial quantity of dry medium processed in the DSSCB, the overall conidia/bioreactor value is 1.26 × 10 14 . A single bioreactor would allow to treat almost 10 6 plants (with a treatment application of 10 8 conidia per plant [20]).…”