Growth Response of Tomato Plants to Applied Sucrose

Went, F. W.; Carter, Marcella

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1948.tb05192.x

Cited by 51 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…DORMER and STREET (9) and STREET and LOWE (23) have postulated that sucrose is p)hosphorylated prior to its entry into tomato roots, and DOUDOROFF (10) has obtained from Pseudo inonas saccharophila an extract containing a phosphorylase specific for sucrose. DORNMER and STREET'S (9) report concerning the rapid absorption of sucrose by tomato roots is in direct conflict with the report by WENT and CARTER (24) to the effect that sucrose does not enter througlh the roots of tomato plants. The extensive use of sucrose as a solute for inducing and maintaining plasmolysis would indicate that sucrose phosphorylase must indeed be of limited distribution in plant tissues, since the plasmolyzed cells do not recover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Role of Boron in the Translocation of Sucrose

1953

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Role of Boron in the Translocation of Sucrose

1953

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“…Cuticular penetration has been amply demonstrated by application of chemicals to the stomata-free surface of hypostomatous leaves (3. 14, 19) and by applications in the dark when the stomata were closed (10,16,20). Yet the exact nature of cuticular entry is not known.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar penetration by chemicals

1961

Plant Physiol.

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The unperforated cuticle, breaks in the cuticle, aild openings in the epidermis, such as stomata and hydathodes, are possible sites of entry for foliarapplied chemicals. The cuticle is a barrier to penetration, but it is not impenetrable. Cuticular penetration has been amply demonstrated by application of chemicals to the stomata-free surface of hypostomatous leaves (3. 14, 19) and by applications in the dark when the stomata were closed (10,16,20). Yet the exact nature of cuticular entry is not known.Some suggested preferential pathways include epidermal cells above veins (18), hairs (7), anticlinal walls of epidermal cells (14), guard cell walls (21), and tears or punctures (13).The problem of stomatal penetration has received much attention in the past, and stomatal entry by oils is well known (5). However, evidence for entry by aqueous solutions is conflicting. Skoss (15) and others (3,8,9) In studies by the fluorescent (lye method (6), 0.1 % (w/v) solutions of the fluorochrome sodium 3-hydroxy-5,8,10-pyrenetrisulfonate were applied as droplets or by immersion of the test leaves in the dye solution. Penetration of surfactant-free solution was usually compared with that of solutions containing the anionic surfactant Vatsol OT (sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate). At the end of the test period, nonabsorbed dye was removed by waslhing in running water, and the leaves were examiined and photographed in ultraviolet light. A relative measure of dye penetration was obtained by measuring the fluorescence intensity of the treated leaves with the Photovolt model 501-M photometer equipped with a filter to remove the ultraviolet wave lengths. The meter readings were corrected for the primiiary fluorescence of untreated leaves.In studies using fluorescent dye and radioactive tracers in combination, the test solutions contained 0.1 % fluorochrome and 0.1 Ac of radioactive isotope (specific activity c. one uc/mole) per 0.01 ml. A 0.01-ml droplet was placed on the lower surface of each leaf. After a 5 minute treatment period, the leaves were washed in running water. Photographs were taken showing fluorochrome distribution, and radioautograms were prepared to determine isotope location. In addition, the activity of each leaf was assayed with a thin window G-M tube and Tracerlab 1000 Scaler.The third method used was the prussian blue precipitation method (14) for detecting the penetration and internal movement of iron. Zebrina leaves were immersed for 5, 15, 30, or 60 minutes in 10 % ferric sulfate with or without surfactant (Vatsol OT). The washed leaves were cut into centimeter sections and infiltrated under vacuunm with 10 % potassium ferrocyanide. Freezing iimicrotonme sections were cut from tissue fixed overnight in dilute formalin.Leaves (lesignated as controls were carried through the samle procedure omitting the ferric sulfate treatment.

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“…The irrigation water at Shafter, California, adds 25 The girdling and spraying with urea in this experiment were done at a time when the cotton plants were shedding over half of their bolls. The girdle was cut above one of the lower fruiting branches that had four or five leaves; special care was taken to avoid injuring the xylem as much as possible.…”

Section: Effects Of Sucrose and Urea Sprays In 1947mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Went in June 1947 wlhen lhe reported outstanding growth responses witli tomiatoes sprayed with sucrose solutions. WENT and CARTER (25) h1ave reviewed the literature on the uptake of sugars from solutions. In one of their experiinents in a dark roomn, unsprayed tomilato plants grew 15.8 mm. in six days; plants sprayed on the upper sides of the leaves with 10% sucrose grew 27.5 mm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Seasonal Trends in Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Levels and Effects of Girdling and Spraying with Sucrose and Urea to the Nutritional Interpretation of Boll Shedding in Cotton

Eaton

Ergle

1953

Plant Physiol.

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The shedding of young cotton bolls has for many years been widely attributed to nutritional relations; insufficient carbohydrate and nitrogen supplies have most often been thought of in this connection. This view of the cause of boll shedding is possibly quite old, but the first reference with which the writers are familiar is that of MASON (20) in 1922 in which he said that both the cessation of growth of the main axis and the augimiented susceptibility to shedding could be attributed to a correlation factor which tended to deflect the supply of elaborated food from the apical part of the plant to the fruit developing on the basal fruiting branches. In 1934 MWASON and PHILLIS (21) wrote that the bolls drain the vegetative plant of its food materials, the leaves yellow and fall off as nitrogen is drained away, and as the strain increases the flower-buds and bolls themselves are starved and shed. In 1931, one of the present writers (2) stated that the nutritional dominance of bolls over the vegetative growth of the cotton plant had frequently been observed to inhibit boll setting and terminal bud and branch development. Eaton, in a section of a Field Station report by KING and LOOMIS (17) stated that a very close relation exists between the rate at which organic products are made available by photosynthesis and the number of bolls that the cotton plant retains. None of the foregoing conclusions was supported by original analytical data but it was known from earlier work that the nitrogen content of vegetative parts of the cotton plant declines with the advance of the summer. 1\ASONN (20)

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Growth Response of Tomato Plants to Applied Sucrose

Cited by 51 publications

References 18 publications

The Role of Boron in the Translocation of Sucrose

The Role of Boron in the Translocation of Sucrose

Foliar penetration by chemicals

Relationship of Seasonal Trends in Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Levels and Effects of Girdling and Spraying with Sucrose and Urea to the Nutritional Interpretation of Boll Shedding in Cotton

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