Growth, thermal, and polarized spectral properties of the Sm:GdCa₄O(BO₃)₃ crystal for a reddish-orange laser

Abstract

A new Sm-doped calcium oxyborate crystal, SmxGd1-xCa4O(BO3)3 (Sm:GdCOB), was grown by Czochralski (Cz) method. The cell parameters were determined to be a = 8.0910 Å, b = 16.0090 Å, c...

Growth, thermal and spectral properties, and laser performance of Nd3+:CNAGS crystal

“…The calculated spectral line intensities S cal can be obtained using the following equation:where Ω t is the intensity parameter, which is independent of J and depends on the properties of the coordination field, and |〈4f N (SL) J ∥ U ( λ ) ∥4f N ( S ′ L ′) J ′〉| 2 is the squared reduced matrix elements of the tensorial operator. 22,23 According to eqn (6) and (7), the J–O intensity parameters Ω t ( t = 2, 4, 6) were fitted as Ω 2 = 6.21 × 10 −20 cm 2 , Ω 4 = 4.18 × 10 −20 cm 2 and Ω 6 = 12.84 × 10 −20 cm 2 . The calculated results for Nd:CNAGS are listed in Table 3.…”