Guessing Strategies, Aging, and Bias Effects in Perceptual Identification

Light, Leah L.; Kennison, Robert F.

doi:10.1006/ccog.1996.0028

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In previous research, we found that only guessers demonstrated reliable costs and benefits in a forced-choice perceptual identification task (Light & Kennison, 1996). The present results argue against the generality of statements that bias effects in all forced-choice priming tasks are the result only of deliberate guessing.…”

Section: Notescontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…We are reluctant, then, to argue too strongly for bias interpretations of the data. (We might note, nonetheless, that the reduction in intrusions found for the older adults in Experiments 1 and 2 parallels that observed in single-stimulus word identification [Light & Kennison, 1996].) Bias models also predict that costs and benefits will be similar in magnitude when they are defined in relation to a new target baseline, but possible floor effects in costs in Experiments 1 and 2 preclude examination of this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The empirical data are mixed. Light and Kennison (1996) found similar costs and benefits across age in a word identification task (with the one exception noted above). However, a study by Hartman and Hasher (1991) produced a different pattern of results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Light and Kennison (1996) found, with one exception, similar costs and benefits in young and older adults for both single-stimulus and forced-choice word identification tasks. The one exception was a marginally greater tendency in Experiment 1 for young adults to make intrusion errors in single-stimulus word identification.…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…1 The task we designed is a hybrid of the yes/no word fragment completion task used by Ratcliff and McKoon (1996) and the forced-choice word identification task developed by Ratcliff et al (1989) and also used in our own studies of bias effects in word identification in young and older adults (Light & Kennison, 1996). Following list study, participants were tested with a series of word fragments as in Experiments 1 and 2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Bias effects in word fragment completion in young and older adults

2002

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Young and older adults were tested on a word fragment completion task in which correct solutions were studied words, words orthographically similar to studied words, or new words. In Experiments 1 and 2, the standard production version of the word fragment completion task was used; older adults had reduced benefits of prior exposure to target words and slightly decreased costs. However, costs and benefits did not differ across age in a forced-choice version of the task (Experiment 3). At a behavioral level, the results are contrary to predictions that age differences in word fragment completion priming effects will be greater when there is a strong competitor for the correct solution and that age differences in both costs and benefits will be smaller for identification than for production tasks. Theoretical implications of these findings are considered.

show abstract

Section: Notescontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

mentioning

confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 69%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations