Guided bone regeneration with asymmetric collagen-chitosan membranes containing aspirin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles

Abstract

Introduction Membranes allowing the sustained release of drugs that can achieve cell adhesion are very promising for guided bone regeneration. Previous studies have suggested that aspirin has the potential to promote bone regeneration. The purpose of this study was to prepare a local drug delivery system with aspirin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ACS) contained in an asymmetric collagen-chitosan membrane (CCM). Methods In this study, the ACS were fabricated using different concentrations of aspirin (5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, and 75 mg). The drug release behavior of ACS was studied. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the micromorphology of ACS and aspirin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles contained in chitosan-collagen membranes (ACS-CCM). In vitro bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured and critical-sized cranial defects on Sprague-Dawley rats were made to evaluate the effect of the ACS-CCM on bone regeneration. Results Drug release behavior results of ACS showed that the nanoparticles fabricated in this study could successfully sustain the release of the drug. TEM showed the morphology of the nanoparticles. SEM images indicated that the asymmetric membrane comprised a loose collagen layer and a dense chitosan layer. In vitro studies showed that ACS-CCM could promote the proliferation of BMSCs, and that the degree of differentiated BMSCs seeded on CCMs containing 50 mg of ACS was higher than that of other membranes. Micro-computed tomography showed that 50 mg of ACS-CCM resulted in enhanced bone regeneration compared with the control group. Conclusion This study shows that the ACS-CCM would allow the sustained release of aspirin and have further osteogenic potential. This membrane is a promising therapeutic approach to guiding bone regeneration.

<p>Biomimetic piezoelectric nanocomposite membranes synergistically enhance osteogenesis of deproteinized bovine bone grafts</p>

“…The physical structure and chemical properties of DBB are similar to that of natural bone and it has demonstrated positive osteoconductive properties 8,11. During clinical GBR treatment, a membranous material is usually used as a barrier to maintain the state of the graft fillings and prevent the ingrowth of fibrous tissue 12–15. Unfortunately, most currently-utilized barrier membrane materials do not synergistically match the osteoconductivity of the graft implant materials due to a lack of osteoinductive function.…”

<p>Establishing an osteoimmunomodulatory coating loaded with aspirin on the surface of titanium primed with phase-transited lysozyme</p>

“…[53][54][55] The conditions of ACS preparation (concentrations of chitosan and TPP, the ratio of the two, the pH of the reaction, and the stirring speed) were determined in our previous study. 56 The TEM images showed that the ACS were spherical in shape with smooth surfaces and were ~100 nm in size (Figure 2A(b)).…”

Application of stem cells and chitosan in the repair of spinal cord injury

“…Importantly, Chitosan (also known as glucosamine (1 ‐ 4) ‐ 2 ‐ amino ‐ b ‐ d glucose) is a natural cationic polysaccharide obtained by the deacetylation of chitin, which could be designed as scaffolds for cell accommodation, growth and differentiation (Gao et al, 2014). Usually, CS has been widely developed as a promising alternative therapeutic strategy in the areas of nerve regeneration(Zhang et al, 2018a,2018b; Yao et al, 2018), bone formation (Yao et al, 2017; Chen et al, 2017) and cartilage tissue injury repair (Sumayya and Muraleedhara Kurup, 2018) in the form of delivery carriers (Zhang et al, 2017a,2017b) and degradable scaffolds (Li et al, 2018a,b,d; Luo et al, 2018). The aforementioned functionalities of CS are due to its unique and appealing properties such as compatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, control release of neurotrophic factors or stem cells through scaffolds/nanoparticles.…”

“…Cores‐shell prepared with CS and PLGA encapsulated GDNF, which could maintain the bioactivity of GDNF for a long time, is also able to reduce the initial burst release and neutralize the acidity of PLGA degradation products and promote the PC12 cells to differentiate into neuron‐like cells in vitro (Zeng et al, 2017). In addition, porous CS‐sericin scaffold prepared with genipin for delivery of NGF showed great progress in the functional recovery of SCI in preclinical model by decreasing neuralgia, promoting structural restoration and attenuating inflammation, thereby benefiting the repair of nerve compression (Zhang et al, 2017a,2017b). The cell viability of attached neural stem cell decreased in naked NT‐3 daily addition groups, while the application of CS carrier could stably and constantly support the NSCs survival, proliferation and differentiation for at least 14 weeks(Yang et al, 2010; Yang et al, 2015).…”