Guided-Wave Optical Biosensors

Passaro, Vittorio M. N.; Dell’Olio, Francesco; Casamassima, Biagio; Leonardis, Francesco De

doi:10.3390/s7040508

Cited by 135 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Such systems are expensive, heavy, and cannot monolithically integrated in one single chip [1]. Electronic sensors use metallic probes to produce electro-magnetic noise, which can disturb the electro-magnetic field being measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection can be made by the optical absorption of the analytes, optic spectroscopy or the refractive index change [1]. The two former methods can be directly obtained by measuring optical intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurement of the refractive index change of the guided mode of the optical waveguides requires a special structure to convert the refractive index change into detectable signals. A number of refractive index sensors based on optical waveguide structures have been reported, including Bragg grating sensors, directional coupler sensors, Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensors, microring resonator sensors, and surface plasmon resonance sensors [1,[4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-channel highly sensitive sensors based on 4 × 4 multimode interference couplers

Thanh

2017

Photonic Sens

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Abstract:We propose a new kind of microring resonators (MRR) based on 4 × 4 multimode interference (MMI) couplers for multichannel and highly sensitive chemical and biological sensors. The proposed sensor structure has advantages of compactness and high sensitivity compared with the reported sensing structures. By using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and numerical simulations, the designs of the sensor based on silicon waveguides are optimized and demonstrated in detail. We apply our structure to detect glucose and ethanol concentrations simultaneously. A high sensitivity of 9000 nm/RIU, detection limit of 2 × 10 -4 for glucose sensing and sensitivity of 6000 nm/RIU, detection limit of 1.3 × 10 -5 for ethanol sensing are achieved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-channel highly sensitive sensors based on 4 × 4 multimode interference couplers

Thanh

2017

Photonic Sens

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“…17 Optical sensing can be performed using ring resonators, 18 confocal microscopy, 7 prism couplers, 19 spherical cavities, 20 and fiber-optic waveguides. 21 In ring resonators, spherical cavities, and fiber-optics waveguides, the light is coupled through the waveguides, and an evanescent field extends beyond the waveguide surface by ≈100 nm. 18 The analytes bound to the surfaces of these waveguides will lie in the path of the evanescent field, and as a result, they change the effective size and refractive index of the guided mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic detection and characterization of DNA using sapphire microspheres

et al. 2014

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Abstract. A microcavity-based deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) optical biosensor is demonstrated for the first time using synthetic sapphire for the optical cavity. Transmitted and elastic scattering intensity at 1510 nm are analyzed from a sapphire microsphere (radius 500 μm, refractive index 1.77) on an optical fiber half coupler. The 0.43 nm angular mode spacing of the resonances correlates well with the optical size of the sapphire sphere. Probe DNA consisting of a 36-mer fragment was covalently immobilized on a sapphire microsphere and hybridized with a 29-mer target DNA. Whispering gallery modes (WGMs) were monitored before the sapphire was functionalized with DNA and after it was functionalized with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The shift in WGMs from the surface modification with DNA was measured and correlated well with the estimated thickness of the add-on DNA layer. It is shown that ssDNA is more uniformly oriented on the sapphire surface than dsDNA. In addition, it is shown that functionalization of the sapphire spherical surface with DNA does not affect the quality factor (Q ≈ 10 4 ) of the sapphire microspheres. The use of sapphire is especially interesting because this material is chemically resilient, biocompatible, and widely used for medical implants.

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“…During the last decades integrated optical sensors have been extensively investigated [1]. They exhibit extraordinary sensitivity in biochemical analysis [2] and feature the potential for mass production on wafer-level and ease of fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microring resonator arrays for label-free biochemical multiparameter analysis

Pergande¹,

Lützow²,

Gausa³

et al. 2012

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

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There exist growing demands for robust, reliable, low-cost and easy-to-use sensor systems capable of performing multiparameter analysis for biomedical diagnostics. We have recently demonstrated a particularly economic approach to analyze large arrays of microring resonator (MRR) sensor elements coupled to a single bus waveguide. The sensor elements can be individually functionalized to specifically promote the accumulation of target molecules. The binding of target molecules to the surface of a particular MRR results in a resonance displacement to longer wavelengths, which can be measured with high accuracy. In order to measure the response of the individual MRR from an array to external stimuli, we employ a special frequency modulation scheme in which each MRR is independently modulated and phase sensitive lock-in detection is used to filter the respective frequency component from the superimposed complex transmission spectrum of the bus waveguide. We fabricated test arrays comprising up to 12 MRR coupled to a single bus waveguide. A silicon nitride based material system was chosen to fabricate the devices. Each element of an array is equipped with a platinum heater electrode for thermo-optical modulation. A clear readout of the individual MRR resonance frequencies was possible by employing the modulation scheme above. Furthermore, we demonstrated a bulk refractive index sensitivity of 190 nm/RIU for a frequency modulated MRR. With our first results, we point out the large potential for multiplexed label-free detection of diverse bio molecular compounds. Due to the miniaturization of the multisensor arrays the realization of portable sensor systems will be feasible.

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Guided-Wave Optical Biosensors

Cited by 135 publications

References 45 publications

Two-channel highly sensitive sensors based on 4 × 4 multimode interference couplers

Two-channel highly sensitive sensors based on 4 × 4 multimode interference couplers

Photonic detection and characterization of DNA using sapphire microspheres

Microring resonator arrays for label-free biochemical multiparameter analysis

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