Gut Commensal Parabacteroides goldsteinii MTS01 Alters Gut Microbiota Composition and Reduces Cholesterol to Mitigate Helicobacter pylori-Induced Pathogenesis

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infection is closely associated with various gastrointestinal diseases and poses a serious threat to human health owing to its increasing antimicrobial resistance. H. pylori possesses two major virulence factors, vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), which are involved in its pathogenesis. Probiotics have recently been used to eradicate H. pylori infection and reduce the adverse effects of antibiotic-based therapies. Parabacteroides goldsteinii MTS01 is a novel next-generation probiotic (NGP) with activities that can alleviate specific diseases by altering the gut microbiota. However, the mechanism by which P. goldsteinii MTS01 exerts its probiotic effects against H. pylori infection remains unclear. Our results showed that administration of P. goldsteinii MTS01 to H. pylori-infected model mice altered the composition of the gut microbiota and significantly reduced serum cholesterol levels, which mitigated H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation. In addition, the pathogenic effects of H. pylori VacA and CagA on gastric epithelial cells were markedly abrogated by treatment with P. goldsteinii MTS01. These results indicate that P. goldsteinii MTS01 can modulate gut microbiota composition and has anti-virulence factor functions, and thus could be developed as a novel functional probiotic for reducing H. pylori-induced pathogenesis.

Short-Term Grape Consumption Diminishes UV-Induced Skin Erythema

“…Univariate analysis (Mann–Whitney) on plasma metabolites for UV resistant subjects ( n = 9) at Day 15 (D15; following a restricted diet) vs. Day 30 (D30; following two weeks of grape consumption. Reference cited in Supplementary File S5 [ 22 , 23 , 27 , 28 , 38 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ].…”

Gastroprotective Effect of Anisomeles indica on Aspirin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Mice

“…The stained tissues were then analyzed using a microscope (AXIO IMAGER M2, Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). The image was analyzed the intensity of protein expression using ImageJ (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA), as previously described [ 26 ]. Five fields were randomly selected per sample to calculate the mean intensity and compared to the control group (100%).…”

Gastric microbiota in gastric cancer and precancerous stages: Mechanisms of carcinogenesis and clinical value

“…Probiotics are live microorganisms that offer health benefits when administered in adequate amounts; they can prevent GC by inhibiting H. pylori in several ways, including reinforcement of the mucosal barrier, reducing H. pylori colonization, alleviating H. pylori ‐induced inflammation, promoting host immunity, and modifying the microbiome 83,84 . In particular, Parabacteroides goldsteinii MTS01, a novel next‐generation probiotic, decreased serum cholesterol levers to mitigate the pathogenic effects of H. pylori VacA and CagA and gastric inflammation, in a mechanism related to gut microbiota alteration 85 . Probiotics containing Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus rhamnosus have been shown to significantly alleviate H. pylori ‐induced gastric inflammation, with the modulation of pro‐inflammatory pathways such as the NF‐κB, IL‐17, and TNF signaling pathways 86 .…”

“…VacA and CagA and gastric inflammation, in a mechanism related to gut microbiota alteration. 85 Probiotics containing Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus rhamnosus have been shown to significantly alleviate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation, with the modulation of pro-inflammatory pathways such as the NF-κB, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathways. 86 Lactobacillus gasseri intercepts the production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-6…”