Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Autoimmune Diseases

Belvončíková, Paulína; Marônek, Martin; Gardlík, Roman

doi:10.3390/ijms231810729

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Gastrointestinal microbiota dysbiosis can contribute to autoimmune disorders [ 35 , 75 , 76 ]. Probiotics not only reshape the host microbiota but also impact global metabolic functions, offering potential autoimmune disorder treatments [ 77 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Changes Foxp3 Deficiency-Induced Dyslipidemia and Chronic Hepatitis in Mice

Nessim Kostandy,

Suh,

Tian

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 produces anti-inflammatory effects in scurfy (SF) mice, a model characterized by immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked inheritance (called IPEX syndrome in humans), caused by regulatory T cell (Treg) deficiency and is due to a Foxp3 gene mutation. Considering the pivotal role of lipids in autoimmune inflammatory processes, we investigated alterations in the relative abundance of lipid profiles in SF mice (± treatment with DSM 17938) compared to normal WT mice. We also examined the correlation between plasma lipids and gut microbiota and circulating inflammatory markers. We noted a significant upregulation of plasma lipids associated with autoimmune disease in SF mice, many of which were downregulated by DSM 17938. The upregulated lipids in SF mice demonstrated a significant correlation with gut bacteria known to be implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. Chronic hepatitis in SF livers responded to DSM 17938 treatment with a reduction in hepatic inflammation. Altered gene expression associated with lipid metabolism and the positive correlation between lipids and inflammatory cytokines together suggest that autoimmunity leads to dyslipidemia with impaired fatty acid oxidation in SF mice. Probiotics are presumed to contribute to the reduction of lipids by reducing inflammatory pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Changes Foxp3 Deficiency-Induced Dyslipidemia and Chronic Hepatitis in Mice

Nessim Kostandy,

Suh,

Tian

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…Although the effects of the ocular surface microbiome in oGVHD are unknown, there is increasing evidence that gut dysbiosis can lead to autoimmune disease. 62 Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, De Paiva et al 63 also found a diverse mucosal microbiome in patients with severe SS. However, unlike oGVHD, a time zero cannot be established in SS.…”

Section: Time Zero: a Chronicle Of Immune Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons Learned From Ocular Graft versus Host Disease: An Ocular Surface Inflammatory Disease of Known Time of Onset

Quiroga-Garza,

Ruiz-Lozano,

Rodriguez-Gutierrez

et al. 2024

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

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The ocular surface inflammatory disorders (OSIDs) comprise a group of conditions characterized by persistent inflammation of the ocular surface and adnexal tissues. Systemic autoimmune diseases and hypersensitivity reactions cause them, and, if left untreated, can result in severe inflammatory dry eye, corneal damage, and vision loss. Ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) forms part of the ocular surface inflammatory disease umbrella. It is a condition occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell or bone marrow transplantation, usually in chronic graft-versus-host disease. oGVHD can virtually affect any ocular adnexal tissue, especially the meibomian glands, and cause persistent inflammation, tissue fibrosis, and subsequent chronic, severe dry eye disease. Among the OSIDs, oGVHD has the particularity that it has a “time zero,” meaning we know when the disease started. As such, preclinical models have leveraged this to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the damage oGVHD causes to the ocular surface. In oGVHD, establishing a “time zero” allows for predicting the clinical course and establishing adequate treatment. This is also possible because the inflammatory infiltration occurs in ocular surface tissues, which are readily accessible. Using oGVHD, we might be able to understand the immune response mechanisms in other OSIDs better (i.e., Sjögren syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, among others). This review presents an up-to-date overview of the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment of oGVHD. In addition, we will discuss the value of the “time zero” concept in the study of oGVHD.

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“…Oral bacterial liquid capsules and nasal feeding tubes have primarily been used ( Green et al., 2020 ; Allegretti et al., 2021 ), and donor sources include autologous and allogeneic floral transplantations. In clinical studies on FMT in patients with diabetes ( Aron-Wisnewsky et al., 2019 ; Belvoncikova et al., 2022 ; Hou et al., 2022 ; Zhang et al., 2022 ), a healthy human fecal donor who meets the relevant requirements is most commonly selected. When traditional hypoglycemic drugs are ineffective or cannot be tolerated, FMT, as a way to intervene in the gut microbiota, has a satisfactory overall effect with advantages such as high clinical safety and few adverse reactions ( Wang et al., 2022a ).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus

Zhang,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm various organ systems and lead to acute or chronic complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy with drugs and insulin; however, some patients still find a satisfactory curative effect difficult to achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated a close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis and the pathogenesis of various types of DM, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota to manage DM. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a method for re-establishing the intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities for treating diabetes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the correlation between DM and the gut microbiota, as well as the current advancements in FMT treatment for DM, using FMT as an illustrative example. This study aims to offer novel perspectives and establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical diagnosis and management of DM.

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Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Autoimmune Diseases

Cited by 34 publications

References 124 publications

Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Changes Foxp3 Deficiency-Induced Dyslipidemia and Chronic Hepatitis in Mice

Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Changes Foxp3 Deficiency-Induced Dyslipidemia and Chronic Hepatitis in Mice

Lessons Learned From Ocular Graft versus Host Disease: An Ocular Surface Inflammatory Disease of Known Time of Onset

Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus

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