Gut microbes and food reward: From the gut to the brain

d’Oplinter, Alice de Wouters; Huwart, Sabrina J. P.; Cani, Patrice D.; Everard, Amandine

doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.947240

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…SCFA can be associated with GPR41 and directly regulate the sympathetic nervous system ( 12 ). In recent years, interest in the “microbiota-gut-brain axis” has emerged, in which gut microbiota metabolites play an important mediating role ( 5 ). Based on the study of gut microbiota in patients with cardiovascular disease, Yu et al proposed a “gut-brain-heart” axis, through which SCFA may be involved in cardiovascular regulation ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the close relationships between the microbiome and human diseases have been demonstrated, and studies have confirmed that gut microbiota are associated with extraintestinal diseases, such as liver-, brain-, and immunity-related conditions (3)(4)(5). The digestive tract is directly connected to the outside environment and contains up to 100 trillion microorganisms, mainly in the colon (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of gut microbiota in patients with acute myocardial infarction by 16S rRNA sequencing

Qian¹,

Liu²,

Liang³

et al. 2022

Ann Transl Med

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Background: An increasing number of studies have shown that gut microbiota are associated with human cardiovascular disease, but the characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the difference of intestinal microflora between patients with AMI and healthy people, and to find the effect of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on intestinal microflora.Methods: A total of 60 stool samples and 60 peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 previously diagnosed AMI patients and 20 healthy people serving as controls. Gut microbiota communities were analyzed via 16 ribosomal RNA-sequencing (16S rRNA). Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), in the blood were detected using stable isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography with on line electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Results:The results showed that a distinct pattern of gut microbiota was observed in AMI patients compared to healthy controls. AMI patients had lower microbiological richness but no significant change in diversity. Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicobia showed an upward trend, whereas Proteobacteria showed a downward trend in AMI patients. During a longitudinal study to compare the changes in bacteria before and after treatment, we found routine cardiac admission therapy 1 week after PCI surgery had no effect on the microbial community structure in patients. There were significantly higher levels of plasma TMAO in AMI patients' microbiota than that in the control group. Contrarily, there was no obvious change in SCFA. Conclusions:The gut microbiota of patients with AMI differs from that of normal people, and the metabolic products of microflora are more abundant in the plasma of AMI than control cases. Microflora may act on the cardiovascular system through metabolites, and regulation of the microfloral structure may be used in the future treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of gut microbiota in patients with acute myocardial infarction by 16S rRNA sequencing

Qian¹,

Liu²,

Liang³

et al. 2022

Ann Transl Med

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“…Gut microbiota can also influence host metabolic phenotypes by inversely affecting appetite and dietary preferences. [315][316][317] Thus, the benefits of dietary patterns on cardiometabolism may be far greater than we thought, even beyond genetic and environmental factors, as shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…From the above review of recent evidence, it is easy to conclude that dietary patterns can participate in various aspects of metabolic regulation by shaping the gut microbiome, as shown in Table S3. Gut microbiota can also influence host metabolic phenotypes by inversely affecting appetite and dietary preferences 315–317 . Thus, the benefits of dietary patterns on cardiometabolism may be far greater than we thought, even beyond genetic and environmental factors, as shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: Potential Mechanism Mediating the Effects Of Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: Clinical evidence and mechanism

Wang

Liu

et al. 2023

MedComm

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For centuries, the search for nutritional interventions to underpin cardiovascular treatment and prevention guidelines has contributed to the rapid development of the field of dietary patterns and cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Numerous studies have demonstrated that healthy dietary patterns with emphasis on food-based recommendations are the gold standard for extending lifespan and reducing the risks of CMD and mortality. Healthy dietary patterns include various permutations of energy restriction, macronutrients, and food intake patterns such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, Mediterranean diet, plant-based diets, etc. Early implementation of healthy dietary patterns in patients with CMD is encouraged, but an understanding of the mechanisms by which these patterns trigger cardiometabolic benefits remains incomplete. Hence, this review examined several dietary patterns that may improve cardiometabolic health, including restrictive dietary patterns, regional dietary patterns, and diets based on controlled macronutrients and food groups, summarizing cutting-edge evidence and potential mechanisms for CMD prevention and treatment. Particularly, considering individual differences in responses to dietary composition and nutritional changes in organ tissue diversity, we highlighted the critical role of individual gut microbiota in the crosstalk between diet and CMD and recommend a more precise and dynamic nutritional strategy for CMD by developing dietary patterns based on individual gut microbiota profiles.

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“…The gut microbiota, which consists of trillions of microorganisms, is a vast and complicated system often referred to as a "hidden organ" that plays a crucial role in regulating host lipid metabolism and is implicated in meat quality [9][10][11]. The interplay between the gut microbiota and host metabolism has attracted attention in the research community focused on lipid metabolic disorders and related diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning reveals the interplay between muscle fatty acids and the gut microbiota: implications for high-quality pork

Pan,

Shi,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background High-quality pork is rich in functional fatty acids such as α-linolenic (ALA), γ-linolenic acid (GLA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are thought to prolong lifespan. Multiple studies have confirmed the role of the gut microbiota in muscle fatty acid deposition in pigs, but the inherent complexity of the microbiota remains poorly understood. Results Using a machine learning-based data mining approach, we analyzed a dataset containing meat quality, muscle fatty acids, and gut microbiota from 291 pigs to identify potential predictors of total fatty acid (TFA) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) content for high-quality pork with better meat color or marbling score. Microbial α diversity exhibited positive predictive power for muscle polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially for GLA, DHA, and EPA. A core set of two microbial phyla (Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes) and 11 genera extracted from the pig gut microbiome correlated with the level of muscle fatty acids. In addition to the fatty acid degradation pathway, Escherichia was negatively associated with the levels of most fatty acids, including oleic acid, ALA, GLA, and EPA. Positive correlations of GLA, DHA, and EPA depositions in the muscle were shared in two microbial genera (Bradyrhizobium and Lachnoclostridium), which also negatively correlated with the fatty acid degradation pathway. Conclusions Overall, we revealed an intricate network of correlations between muscle fatty acids and the gut microbiota, suggesting that there are multiple routes to produce high-quality healthy pork that is rich in functional fatty acids.

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Gut microbes and food reward: From the gut to the brain

Cited by 23 publications

References 215 publications

Analysis of gut microbiota in patients with acute myocardial infarction by 16S rRNA sequencing

Analysis of gut microbiota in patients with acute myocardial infarction by 16S rRNA sequencing

Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: Clinical evidence and mechanism

Machine learning reveals the interplay between muscle fatty acids and the gut microbiota: implications for high-quality pork

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