Gut Microbial Metabolism of Plant Lignans

Yoder, Seth C.; Lancaster, Samuel M.; Hullar, Meredith A.J.; Lampe, Johanna W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407825-3.00007-1

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…We found four bacterial genera ( Moryella, Streptobacillus , Fastidiosipila, and Acetanaerobacterium ) associated with the high ENL producers (Table 2). Although they have not been identified before in ENL production (81), the bacteria we identified are closely related to genera that have been previously associated with the bacterial metabolism of lignans. For example, the initial production of secoisolariciresinol from secoisolariciresinol diglucoside is associated with glucosidase activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Enterolignan-Producing Phenotypes Are Associated with Increased Gut Microbial Diversity and Altered Composition in Premenopausal Women in the United States

Hullar

Lancaster

et al. 2015

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background Lignans in plant foods are metabolized by gut bacteria to the enterolignans, enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL). Enterolignans have biologic activities important to the prevention of cancer and chronic diseases. We examined the composition of the gut microbial community (GMC) as a contributor to human enterolignan exposure. Methods We evaluated the association between the GMC in stool, urinary enterolignan excretion, and diet from a 3-day food record in 115 premenopausal (ages 40–45 y) women in the United States. Urinary enterolignans were measured using GC/MS. The GMC was evaluated using 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequences were aligned in SILVA (www.arb-silva.de). Operational taxonomic units (OTU) were identified at 97% sequence similarity. Taxonomic classification was performed and alpha and beta diversity in relationship to ENL production were assessed. Multivariate analysis and regression were used to model the association between enterolignan excretion and the GMC. Bacteria associated with ENL production were identified using univariate analysis and ridge regression. Results After adjusting for dietary fiber intake and adiposity, we found a significant positive association between ENL excretion and either the GMC (p=0.0007), or the diversity of the GMC (p=0.01). The GMC associated with high ENL production was distinct (UNIFRAC, p<0.003, MRPP) and enriched in Moryella spp., Acetanaerobacterium spp., Fastidiosipila spp., and Streptobacillus spp. Conclusion Diversity and composition of the GMC are associated with increased human exposure to enterolignans. Impact Differences in gut microbial diversity and composition explain variation in gut metabolic processes that impact environmental exposures and influences human health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Enterolignan-Producing Phenotypes Are Associated with Increased Gut Microbial Diversity and Altered Composition in Premenopausal Women in the United States

Hullar

Lancaster

et al. 2015

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…62 Additionally, urinary excretion of hippurate is reduced with antibiotic treatment. 6364 Blautia producta (previously Ruminococcus productus) , Eubacterium limosum , and strains of Clostridium and Eubacterium genera which have been associated with metabolism of plant polyphenols, 65 may also be implicated in ENL metabolism 15, 53, 59 . In a separate study modeling microbial-host connections in healthy humans, bacteria of the Clostridia class, particularly, were shown to positively correlate with hippuric acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2, 10–13 High intake of dietary sources of lignans, as well as plasma END and ENL concentrations, have been associated with reduced risk of colorectal, 14, 15 prostate, and breast cancer. 16–18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma metabolite abundances are associated with urinary enterolactone excretion in healthy participants on controlled diets

et al. 2017

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Enterolignans, products of gut bacterial metabolism of plant lignans, have been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, but their association with other plasma metabolites is unknown. We examined plasma metabolite profiles according to urinary enterolignan excretion in a cross-sectional analysis using data from a randomized crossover, controlled feeding study. Eighty healthy adult males and females completed two 28-day feeding periods differing by glycemic load, refined carbohydrate, and fiber content. Lignan intake was calculated from food records using a polyphenol database. Targeted metabolomics was performed by LC-MS on plasma from fasting blood samples collected at the end of each feeding period. Enterolactone (ENL) and enterodiol (END), were measured in 24-h urine samples collected on the penultimate day of each study period using GC-MS. Linear mixed models were used to test the association between enterolignan excretion and metabolite abundances. Pathway analyses were conducted using the Global Test. Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) was used to control for multiple testing. Of the metabolites assayed, 121 were detected in all samples. ENL excretion was associated positively with plasma hippuric acid and melatonin, and inversely with epinephrine, creatine, glycochenodeoxycholate, and glyceraldehyde (P <0.05). Hippuric acid only satisfied the FDR of q < 0.1. END excretion was associated with myristic acid and glycine (q <0.5). Two of 57 pathways tested were associated significantly with ENL, ubiquinone and terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, and inositol phosphate metabolism. These results suggest a potential role for ENL or ENL-metabolizing gut bacteria in regulating plasma metabolites.

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“…Throughout the analyses, we observed that the association was more pronounced for women than men. Despite some inconsistency (reviewed by Yoder et al [23]), sex differences are recognized in connection to enterolactone concentrations, where women in general and in spite of a lower dietary fiber and plant lignan intake have higher enterolactone concentrations [34]. This is confirmed in the present study, where the median enterolactone values are 21.3 nmol/L (P5-P95: 2.7, 96.2) for women and 18.6 nmol/L for men (P5-P95: 3.0, 87.3) in spite of a higher whole-grain and dietary fiber intake in men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%