Gut microbiota are linked to increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis in low-aerobic-capacity rats fed an acute high-fat diet

Panasevich, Matthew R.; Morris, E. Matthew; Chintapalli, SV; Wankhade, Umesh D.; Shankar, Kartik; Britton, Steven L.; Koch, Lauren G.; Thyfault, John P.; Rector, R. Scott

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00065.2016

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The abx exposure has been reported to impair host cholesterol metabolism and increase cholesterol levels (Carvalho et al 2012, Nobel et al 2015. Taxonomically, the positive correlation of Erysipelotrichaceae with hepatic TC is supported by previous studies that have found this taxon decreases with cholesterol-lowering treatment A proposed molecular mechanism on gut and microbiota interacting of abx postpone impacts on db/db mice.…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 80%

The delayed effects of antibiotics in type 2 diabetes, friend or foe?

Qiu

Shen

et al. 2018

Journal of Endocrinology

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An increasing amount of evidence suggests that the delayed effect of antibiotics (abx) on gut microbiota after its cessation is not as favorable as its immediate effect on host metabolism. However, it is not known how the diverse abx-dependent metabolic effects influence diabetic subjects and how gut microbiota is involved. Here, we treated db/db mice with abx cocktail for 12 days and discontinued for 24 days. We found that db/db mice showed decreased body weight and blood glucose after abx treatment, which rapidly caught up after abx cessation. Twenty-four days after abx withdrawal, db/db mice exhibit increased plasma, hepatic total cholesterol (TC) levels and liver weight. The gut microbiota composition at that time showed decreased relative abundances (RAs) of Desulfovibrionaceae and Rikenellaceae, increased RA of Erysipelotrichaceae and Mogibacteriaceae, which were correlating with the reduced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in gut content, such as propionic acid and valeric acid and with the elevated fecal taurine-conjugated bile acids (BAs) levels. The molecular biology studies showed inhibited hepatic BA synthesis from cholesterol, impeded intracellular transportation and biliary excretion of cholesterol that all conferred to liver TC accumulation. The associations among alterations of gut microbiota composition, microbial metabolite profiles and host phenotypes suggested the existence of gut microbiota-linked mechanisms that mediate the unfavorable delayed effects of abx on db/db mice cholesterol metabolism. Thus, we call upon the caution of applying abx in diabetic animal models for studying microbiota-host interaction and in type 2 diabetes subjects for preventing chronic cardiovascular consequences.

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Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 80%

The delayed effects of antibiotics in type 2 diabetes, friend or foe?

Qiu

Shen

et al. 2018

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Physical exercise was another factor accounting for Phascolarctobacterium decrease in the elderly. Rats with a low capacity for running that were fed an acute high-fat diet appeared to decrease the amount of Phascolarctobacterium and be more susceptible to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (7). Compared with the young, the elderly population have less physical exercise, which may be another reason for Phascolarctobacterium decrease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Phascolarctobacterium was found to be positively correlated to the positive mood of the human (6). An increasing number of studies proposed that Phascolarctobacterium faecium (P. faecium) exerted beneficial effects on the host, including rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phascolarctobacterium faecium abundant colonization in human gastrointestinal tract

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

284

170

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Abstract. Phascolarctobacterium can produce short-chain fatty acids, including acetate and propionate, and can be associated with the metabolic state and mood of the host. The present study investigated the colonization characteristics of Phascolarctobacterium faecium in healthy individuals <1-80 years old in Southern China. A total of 150 fresh fecal samples were collected, and bacterial DNA was isolated from these samples for quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Phascolarctobacterium faecium demonstrated a high colonization rate and abundant colonization in the human gastrointestinal tract. The colonization rate varied between 43.33-93.33%, and the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium faecium ranged between 3.22-5.76 log cells g-1 (<1 years old) and 3.06-9.33 log cells g-1 (>1 year old). The permillage of Phascolarctobacterium faecium in total bacteria ranged between 0.004-1.479. There was presence of Phascolarctobacterium faecium-like bacteria in younger individuals with a gradual increase in the number of bacteria maintained at a high level with increasing ages (between 1 and 60 years old), but with a decrease in elderly individuals (>60 years old). The results of the present study demonstrated that Phascolarctobacterium faecium is abundantly colonized in the human gastrointestinal tract. IntroductionThe human gut microbiota is composed of 400-500 species of microbes. However, the molecular classification of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) indicate the presence of more than 1,000 OTUs (OTUs, equivalent to species) in the gut of each in different societies, and that the number of OTUs increases with age (1,2). The gene pool of the microbial habitants of the gut is extremely diverse and considerably larger than the gene pool of the host, which determines a number of metabolic capacities of the bacteria that are essential for the survival of these organisms in the gut (1,3,4).In recent years, high throughput sequencing technologies have revealed the correlation between gut microbiota and the host. Phascolarctobacterium was found to be a substantial acetate/propionate-producer that could be dramatically increased by berberine and metformin. This in turn may contribute to the beneficial effects of the two drugs on the host (5). Moreover, Phascolarctobacterium was found to be positively correlated to the positive mood of the human (6). An increasing number of studies proposed that Phascolarctobacterium faecium (P. faecium) exerted beneficial effects on the host, including rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver (7).P. faecium, which utilizes succinate and produces propionate, was first purified from koala feces in 1992. P. faecium are obligate anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile, asaccharolytic, and belonging to firmicutes (8). Although uncultured colonies closely related to P. faecium were frequently detected in samples from the human gastrointestinal tract, isolation of Phascolarctobacterium from the human gastrointestinal tract and the expansion of the culture are not yet describe...

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“…Phascolarctobacterium bacteria are Gram-negative, obligately anaerobic, and non-spore-forming environmental microorganisms and have been found in soil, water, and some mammal feces (e.g., koala, human, and nonhuman primate) ( 1 , 13 – 15 ). One of the main end products of the fermentation in Phascolarctobacterium is PA ( 13 ), which may have beneficial effects on the host ( 10 – 12 , 16 – 18 ). For example, Phascolarctobacterium is positively correlated with the human positive mood ( 17 ), and Phascolarctobacterium has beneficial effects on host health and putatively decreases susceptibility to hepatic steatosis based on a rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver ( 18 ).…”

Section: Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main end products of the fermentation in Phascolarctobacterium is PA ( 13 ), which may have beneficial effects on the host ( 10 – 12 , 16 – 18 ). For example, Phascolarctobacterium is positively correlated with the human positive mood ( 17 ), and Phascolarctobacterium has beneficial effects on host health and putatively decreases susceptibility to hepatic steatosis based on a rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver ( 18 ). Moreover, PA is the essential mediator in the link between host nutrition, symbiotic gut microbiomes, and host physiology ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Section: Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations Increase in Newly Paired Male Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Zhu

Haute

Hassenstab

et al. 2020

mSphere

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The role by which the gut microbiome influences host health (e.g., energy equilibrium and immune system) may be partly mediated by short-chain fatty acids, which are bacterial fermentation products from the dietary fibers. However, little is known about longitudinal changes in gut microbiome metabolites during cohabitation alongside social contact. In common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), the gut microbiome community is influenced by social contact, as newly paired males and females develop convergent microbial profiles. Here, we monitored the dynamics of short-chain fatty acid concentrations in common marmoset feces from the prepairing (PRE) to postpairing (POST) stages. In males, we observed that the concentrations of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate significantly increased in the POST stage compared to the PRE stage. However, no significant changes were found in females. We further found that the propionate concentration was significantly positively correlated with the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium in the male feces. Thus, the sex difference in the changes in the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids might be related to sex-biased gut microbiome transmission after pairing. We suggest that the significant changes in the gut microbiomes and some short-chain fatty acids of the common marmoset during cohabitation may contribute to physiological homeostasis during pairing. IMPORTANCE This study addressed a knowledge gap about longitudinal changes in the gut microbiome metabolites during animal pairing. This research in the laboratory common marmoset can control for the confounding factors such as diet and other environmental conditions. Phascolarctobacterium showed the highest contribution to the sex-biased transmission of the female to the male after pairing. Here, we observed the sex difference in the increase in short-chain fatty acid concentration in the feces of newly paired marmosets, which may be caused by the sex-biased gut microbiome transmission after pairing.

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Gut microbiota are linked to increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis in low-aerobic-capacity rats fed an acute high-fat diet

Cited by 37 publications

References 57 publications

The delayed effects of antibiotics in type 2 diabetes, friend or foe?

The delayed effects of antibiotics in type 2 diabetes, friend or foe?

Phascolarctobacterium faecium abundant colonization in human gastrointestinal tract

Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations Increase in Newly Paired Male Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

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