Gut-microbiota in children and adolescents with obesity: inferred functional analysis and machine-learning algorithms to classify microorganisms

Squillario, Margherita; Bonaretti, Carola; Valle, Alberto La; Marco, Eddi Di; Piccolo, Gianluca; Minuto, Nicola; Patti, Giuseppa; Napoli, Flavia; Bassi, Marta; Maghnie, Mohamad; d’Annunzio, Giuseppe; Biassoni, Roberto

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-36533-2

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Leuconostoc mesenteroides , mediating an electrogenic pathway to attenuate the accumulation of abdominal fat mass induced by HFD [ 35 ], was enriched in HFD‐fed mice in our study. Streptococcus thermophilus positively correlated with obesity [ 36 ], was enriched in HFD‐fed mice. Parabacteroides goldsteinii , represents novel prebiotics and probiotics that may be used to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes [ 37 ], was significantly enriched in HFD‐fed mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐depth multiomic characterization of the effects of obesity in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

Li,

Chen,

et al. 2024

FEBS Open Bio

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High‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice have been widely used in the clinical investigation of obesity. However, the long‐term effect of HFD on gut microbiota and metabolites, plasma and liver metabolomics, colonic and liver transcriptomics remain largely unknown. In this study, 6‐week‐old C57BL/6J male mice fed with HFD for 14 weeks showed increased obesity‐related indexes including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, total triglyceride, free fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, IL‐6, and TNFα. Furthermore, microbial diversity and richness were also significantly decreased. In the colon, genes involved in tryptophan metabolism, PPAR signaling pathway, cholesterol metabolism, and lipid localization and transport, were upregulated. While in the liver, MAPK signaling and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis were upregulated. Metabolomic analyses revealed decreased levels of glycerophospholipids and fatty acyl, but increased amino acids, coenzymes and vitamins, and organic acids in the colon, suggesting high absorption of oxidized lipids, while acyl‐carnitine, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and oxidized lipids were reduced in the liver, suggesting a more active lipid metabolism. Finally, correlation analyses revealed a positive correlation between gut microbiota and metabolites and the expression of genes associated with lipid localization, absorption, and transport in the colon, and nutrients and energy metabolism in the liver. Taken together, our results provide a comprehensive characterization of long‐term HFD‐induced obesity in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐depth multiomic characterization of the effects of obesity in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

Li,

Chen,

et al. 2024

FEBS Open Bio

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“…It was also found to be more abundant among women with dyslipidaemia and among obese adults [9,76]. Adolescents with obesity also were characterized by a higher abundance of Streptococcaceae, identified as S. thermophilus and S. salivarius [77]. Species from the genus Streptococcus, particularly S. thermophilus and S. salivarius, can be misidentified due to high sequence similarity [74].…”

Section: Taxa Associated With Serum Lipid Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the Relative Abundance of Gut Bacteria Correlate with Lipid Profiles in Healthy Adults

Kalnina,

Gudra,

Silamikelis

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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The gut microbiome is a versatile system regulating numerous aspects of host metabolism. Among other traits, variations in the composition of gut microbial communities are related to blood lipid patterns and hyperlipidaemia, yet inconsistent association patterns exist. This study aims to assess the relationships between the composition of the gut microbiome and variations in lipid profiles among healthy adults. This study used data and samples from 23 adult participants of a previously conducted dietary intervention study. Circulating lipid measurements and whole-metagenome sequences of the gut microbiome were derived from 180 blood and faecal samples collected from eight visits distributed across an 11-week study. Lipid-related variables explained approximately 4.5% of the variation in gut microbiome compositions, with higher effects observed for total cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins. Species from the genera Odoribacter, Anaerostipes, and Parabacteroides correlated with increased serum lipid levels, whereas probiotic species like Akkermansia muciniphila were more abundant among participants with healthier blood lipid profiles. An inverse correlation with serum cholesterol was also observed for Massilistercora timonensis, a player in regulating lipid turnover. The observed correlation patterns add to the growing evidence supporting the role of the gut microbiome as an essential regulator of host lipid metabolism.

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“…During infancy, the gut microbiota has yet to be established and this dynamic maturation is influenced by many different factors like maternal microbiota, delivery mode, feeding pattern, gestational age, and medication [2,3]. Disturbance of the initial microbial colonization has been associated with a variety of diseases in the neonatal period, like necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis, and beyond, like atopy, allergies, obesity, and auto-immune disorders [4–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome and its impact on fetal and neonatal brain development: current opinion in pediatrics

Frerichs,

de Meij,

Niemarkt

2024

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate neurodevelopment and cognitive functioning via a bi-directional communication system known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). Recent findings The MGBA influences brain development and function via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the vagal nerve, immune signaling, bacterial production of neurotransmitters, and microbial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan derivatives, and bile acids. Animal studies show fetal neurodevelopment is mediated by maternal microbiota derivatives, immune activation, and diet. Furthermore, manipulation of the microbiota during critical windows of development, like antibiotic exposure and fecal microbiota transplantation, can affect cognitive functioning and behavior in mice. Evidence from human studies, particularly in preterm infants, also suggests that a disrupted gut microbiota colonization may negatively affect neurodevelopment. Early microbial signatures were linked to favorable and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Summary The link between the gut microbiota and the brain is evident. Future studies, including experimental studies, larger participant cohort studies with longitudinal analyses of microbes, their metabolites, and neurotransmitters, and randomized controlled trials are warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms of the MGBA. Identification of early, predictive microbial markers could pave the way for the development of novel early microbiota-based intervention strategies, such as targeted probiotics, and vaginal or fecal microbiota transplantation, aimed at improving infant neurodevelopment.

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Gut-microbiota in children and adolescents with obesity: inferred functional analysis and machine-learning algorithms to classify microorganisms

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

In‐depth multiomic characterization of the effects of obesity in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

In‐depth multiomic characterization of the effects of obesity in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

Variations in the Relative Abundance of Gut Bacteria Correlate with Lipid Profiles in Healthy Adults

Microbiome and its impact on fetal and neonatal brain development: current opinion in pediatrics

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