Gut microbiota is associated with protection against Marek's disease virus infection in chickens

Bavananthasivam, Jegarubee; Astill, Jake; Matsuyama-Kato, Ayumi; Taha-Abdelaziz, Khaled; Shojadoost, Bahram; Sharif, Shayan

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2020.10.011

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Numerous species of bacteria are sheltered in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract of chickens, known as gut microbiota (Rychlik, 2020;Madlala et al, 2021), which play an important role in physiological processes including digestion, absorption, health, and production (Pourabedin and Zhao, 2015). Additionally, gut microbiota provide health benefits through inhibiting chronic diseases (Bavananthasivam et al, 2021), defending the host from various pathogens (Waite and Taylor, 2014), and enhancing gut health (Diaz Carrasco et al, 2019). Gut microbiota also contribute to pathogen expulsion from the host and development of the host immune system (Yeoman et al, 2012;Pan and Yu, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cecal Microbiota of Free-Range Hens Varied With Different Rearing Enrichments and Ranging Patterns

et al. 2022

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Free-range pullets are reared indoors but the adult hens can go outside which is a mismatch that may reduce adaptation in the laying environment. Rearing enrichments might enhance pullet development and adaptations to subsequent free-range housing with impact on behavior and health measures including gut microbiota. Adult free-range hens vary in range use which may also be associated with microbiota composition. A total of 1,700 Hy-Line Brown® chicks were reared indoors across 16 weeks with three enrichment treatment groups: “control” with standard litter housing, “novelty” with weekly changed novel objects, and “structural” with custom-designed perching structures in the pens. At 15 weeks, 45 pullet cecal contents were sampled before moving 1,386 pullets to the free-range housing system. At 25 weeks, range access commenced, and movements were tracked via radio-frequency identification technology. At 65 weeks, 91 hens were selected based on range use patterns (“indoor”: no ranging; “high outdoor”: daily ranging) across all rearing enrichment groups and cecal contents were collected for microbiota analysis via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing at V3-V4 regions. The most common bacteria in pullets were unclassified Barnesiellaceae, Prevotella, Blautia and Clostridium and in hens Unclassified, Ruminococcus, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, unclassified Bacteroidales, unclassified Paraprevotellaceae YRC22, and Blautia. The microbial alpha diversity was not significant within the enrichment/ranging groups (pullets: P ≥ 0.17, hen rearing enrichment groups: P ≥ 0.06, hen ranging groups: P ≥ 0.54), but beta diversity significantly varied between these groups (pullets: P ≤ 0.002, hen rearing enrichment groups: P ≤ 0.001, hen ranging groups: P ≤ 0.008). Among the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the propionic acid content was higher (P = 0.03) in the novelty group of pullets than the control group. There were no other significant differences in the SCFA contents between the rearing enrichment groups (all P ≥ 0.10), and the ranging groups (all P ≥ 0.17). Most of the genera identified were more abundant in the indoor than high outdoor hens. Overall, rearing enrichments affected the cecal microbiota diversity of both pullets and adult hens and was able to distinguish hens that remained inside compared with hens that ranging daily for several hours.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cecal Microbiota of Free-Range Hens Varied With Different Rearing Enrichments and Ranging Patterns

et al. 2022

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“…A similar study (Yitbarek et al, 2018b) reported that depletion of the gut microbiota in young chickens using antibiotic treatment increased both oropharyngeal and cloacal levels of the LPAIV of H9N2 subtype and decreased the expression of IFN-a and IFN-b in the gut and respiratory tract (Figure 3B). Likewise, depletion of gut microbiota increased the severity of Marek's disease in infected chickens, coupled to an increase in the transcription of IFN-a, IFN-b and IFN-g in the bursa of Fabricius at four days post-infection (Bavananthasivam et al, 2021). In another study developed in chickens, Lactobacillus salivarius intake alleviated lung inflammation injury caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection and increased host defense against Escherichia coli by improved gut microbiota composition (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: The Gut-lung Axis During Respiratory Diseases: Key To Understanding Holobiont Functioningmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Airway Pathobiome in Complex Respiratory Diseases: A Perspective in Domestic Animals

Mach

Baranowski

Nouvel

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Respiratory infections in domestic animals are a major issue for veterinary and livestock industry. Pathogens in the respiratory tract share their habitat with a myriad of commensal microorganisms. Increasing evidence points towards a respiratory pathobiome concept, integrating the dysbiotic bacterial communities, the host and the environment in a new understanding of respiratory disease etiology. During the infection, the airway microbiota likely regulates and is regulated by pathogens through diverse mechanisms, thereby acting either as a gatekeeper that provides resistance to pathogen colonization or enhancing their prevalence and bacterial co-infectivity, which often results in disease exacerbation. Insight into the complex interplay taking place in the respiratory tract between the pathogens, microbiota, the host and its environment during infection in domestic animals is a research field in its infancy in which most studies are focused on infections from enteric pathogens and gut microbiota. However, its understanding may improve pathogen control and reduce the severity of microbial-related diseases, including those with zoonotic potential.

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“…The composition and structure of embryos’ gut microbiota could be key in the early stimulation of the immune system of the bird, this being the principle of in ovo strategies. This technique was first used to improve the immune response against Marek’s disease [ 164 , 165 ] by the in ovo vaccination, reducing the lethality when birds were early exposed to the virus. From there, in ovo injection has been tested to dispense several types of biological compounds, including probiotics, nutrients, hormones, and immunostimulants, among others.…”

Section: Non-feeding-based Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Antibiotics Strategies to Control Salmonella Infection in Poultry

Ruvalcaba-Gómez¹,

Villagrán

Valdéz-Alarcón

et al. 2022

Animals

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Salmonella spp. is a facultative intracellular pathogen causing localized or systemic infections, involving economic and public health significance, and remains the leading pathogen of food safety concern worldwide, with poultry being the primary transmission vector. Antibiotics have been the main strategy for Salmonella control for many years, which has allowed producers to improve the growth and health of food-producing animals. However, the utilization of antibiotics has been reconsidered since bacterial pathogens have established and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can quickly increase within microbial communities. The use of alternatives to antibiotics has been recommended and successfully applied in many countries, leading to the core aim of this review, focused on (1) describing the importance of Salmonella infection in poultry and the effects associated with the use of antibiotics for disease control; (2) discussing the use of feeding-based (prebiotics, probiotics, bacterial subproducts, phytobiotics) and non-feeding-based (bacteriophages, in ovo injection, vaccines) strategies in poultry production for Salmonella control; and (3) exploring the use of complementary strategies, highlighting those based on -omics tools, to assess the effects of using the available antibiotic-free alternatives and their role in lowering dependency on the existing antimicrobial substances to manage bacterial infections in poultry effectively.

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Gut microbiota is associated with protection against Marek's disease virus infection in chickens

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Cecal Microbiota of Free-Range Hens Varied With Different Rearing Enrichments and Ranging Patterns

Cecal Microbiota of Free-Range Hens Varied With Different Rearing Enrichments and Ranging Patterns

The Airway Pathobiome in Complex Respiratory Diseases: A Perspective in Domestic Animals

Non-Antibiotics Strategies to Control Salmonella Infection in Poultry

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