Gypenosides induce cell death and alter gene expression in human oral cancer HSC-3 cells

Lu, Kung‐Wen; Ma, Yi‐Shih; Yu, Fang; Huang, Yiping; Chu, Yung-Lin; Wu, Rick Sai-Chuen; Liao, Ching-Lung; Chueh, Fu‐Shin; Chung, Jing‐Gung

doi:10.3892/etm.2017.4840

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Finally, sub-fraction GPE 15 was subjected to a semipreparative HPLC column (SHIM-pack PREP-ODS(L) 250×50 mm) and eluted with 47% acetonitrile in water at a flow rate of 5 mL/min to produce compounds 1, 2, and 3. The structures of the compounds were characterized by 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and LC-MS as GL, GLI, and Rg3 spectra (S1). NMR data were consistent with that of the reference [5,26], and the compounds were eventually identified as GL, GLI, and Rg3 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Isolation and Purification Of Gl Gli And Rg3 From Gpementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A research study by Yun et al has demonstrated that gypenosides could be utilized to promote weight loss as it regulated fat metabolism without causing side effects, such as diarrhea or altered appetite [29]. Other studies have found that G. pentaphyllum extract acted against various diseases and possessed hypoglycemic [13], immunomodulating [14], cholesterol-lowering [15], antioxidant [16], and other activities. The dammarane saponins isolated from G. pentaphyllum, specifically gypenosides, have served as economically important raw materials for the food and pharmaceutical industries.…”

Section: Increased Ampk-dependent Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides (ginsenosides Rb1, Rg3, and F2) previously isolated from Panax ginseng (Araliaceae) [11,12]. The major bioactive constituents of G. pentaphyllum are regarded to be gypenosides, which are reported to possess a variety of beneficial biological activities including tumor-suppressive [13], immunomodulatory [14], cholesterol-lowering [15], antioxidant [16], and hypoglycemic effects [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract in Anti-obesity Therapy

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2019

Rec.Nat.Prod.

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In the present study, we investigated a saponin-enriched fraction from Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract (GPE) and isolated gypenoside L (GL), gypenoside LI (GLI), and ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3). To explore the anti-obesity activities of these compounds, we investigated the effects of GL, GLI, and Rg3 on glucose uptake and activation of AMPK in L6 skeletal muscle cells. GPE, GL, GLI, and Rg3 markedly increased glucose uptake activity and GLUT4 gene expression in L6 myotubes. The enhanced glucose uptake was mediated by the activation of the AMPK-ACC signaling pathway. In addition, we observed that GPE, GL, GLI, and Rg3 increased the expression of SIRT1 and PPARγ coacvtivator-1α (PGC-1α). Our results suggest the potential use of Gynostemma pentaphyllum in developing a therapeutic agent to reduce body weight and prevent diet-related diseases via glucose uptake and AMPK activation.

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Section: Isolation and Purification Of Gl Gli And Rg3 From Gpementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Increased Ampk-dependent Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Efficacy of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract in Anti-obesity Therapy

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2019

Rec.Nat.Prod.

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“…Feng et al ( 19 ) reported that miR-204-5p upregulation promoted the recovery of the upper and lower limb strength in mice with SCI by affecting the levels of the inflammatory cytokines, Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iINOS), by targeting SRY-Box transcription factor 11 (SOX11). Recently, several studies have revealed that gypenosides have the potential to modulate miRNA expression in various cancer cells ( 20 - 22 ). Against this background, the present study examined whether miRNAs are involved in the therapeutic effects of GP-17 on SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gypenoside XVII protects against spinal cord injury in mice by regulating the microRNA‑21‑mediated PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway

Sun

Duan

et al. 2021

Int J Mol Med

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Gypenoside XVII (GP-17), one of the dominant active components of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, has been studied extensively and found to have a variety of pharmacological effects, including neuroprotective properties. However, the neuroprotective effects of GP-17 against spinal cord injury (ScI), as well as its underlying mechanisms of action remain unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of GP-17 on motor recovery and histopathological changes following ScI and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of ScI. Motor recovery was evaluated using the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale. Spinal cord edema was detected by the wet/dry weight method. H&E staining was performed to examine the effect of GP-17 on spinal cord damage. Inflammatory response production was assessed by ELISA. candidate miRNAs were identified following the integrated analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE67515. Western blot analysis was also performed to detect the expression levels of associated proteins. The results revealed that GP-17 treatment improved functional recovery, and suppressed neuronal apoptosis and the inflammatory response in the mouse model of SCI. Moreover, it was observed that miR-21 expression was downregulated following ScI, whereas it was upregulated following the administration of GP-17. The inhibition of miR-21 eliminated the protective effects of GP-17 on ScI-induced neuronal apoptosis and the inflammatory response. In addition, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), a key molecule in the activation of the protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, was identified as a target of miR-21, and PTEN expression was downregulated by GP-17 through miR-21. Furthermore, the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway was inactivated by ScI, whereas it was re-activated by GP-17 through the regulation of miR-21 in mice with SCI. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that GP-17 plays a protective role in ScI via regulating the miR-21/PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.

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“…G. pentaphyllum has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory, lipid metabolism-regulatory, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, and anti-obesity effects [ 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 34 ]. Gypenosides are a class of major bioactive compounds in GPE and have been evaluated for their beneficial cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and tumor-suppressive effects [ 44 45 46 47 ]. Gypenosides or polysaccharides from G. pentaphyllum help improve exercise tolerance, extend swimming time, prevent the rise in lactate levels, and mitigate oxidative stress during exhaustive exercise [ 32 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract and Gypenoside L enhance skeletal muscle differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism by activating the PGC-1α pathway in C2C12 myotubes

Kim¹,

Jung

Jeon

et al. 2022

Nutr Res Pract

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) has a central role in regulating muscle differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism. PGC-1α stimulates muscle growth and muscle fiber remodeling, concomitantly regulating lactate and lipid metabolism and promoting oxidative metabolism. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thumb.) has been widely employed as a traditional herbal medicine and possesses antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, hypolipemic, hypoglycemic, and anticancer properties. We investigated whether G. pentaphyllum extract (GPE) and its active compound, gypenoside L (GL), affect muscle differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism via activation of the PGC-1α pathway in murine C2C12 myoblast cells. MATERIALS/METHODS C2C12 cells were treated with GPE and GL, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels. Myh1 was determined using immunocytochemistry. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation was measured using the 2′7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay. RESULTS GPE and GL promoted the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes and elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of Myh1 (type IIx). GPE and GL also significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of the PGC-1α gene ( Ppargc1a ), lactate metabolism-regulatory genes ( Esrra and Mct1 ), adipocyte-browning gene fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 gene ( Fndc5 ), glycogen synthase gene ( Gys ), and lipid metabolism gene carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b gene ( Cpt1b ). Moreover, GPE and GL induced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase, p38, sirtuin1, and deacetylated PGC-1α. We also observed that treatment with GPE and GL significantly stimulated the expression of genes associated with the anti-oxidative stress response, such as Ucp2, Ucp3 , Nrf2, and Sod2 . CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that GPE and GL enhance exercise performance by promoting myotube differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism through the upregulation of PGC-1α in C2C12 skeletal muscle.

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Gypenosides induce cell death and alter gene expression in human oral cancer HSC-3 cells

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

The Efficacy of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract in Anti-obesity Therapy

The Efficacy of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract in Anti-obesity Therapy

Gypenoside XVII protects against spinal cord injury in mice by regulating the microRNA‑21‑mediated PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway

Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract and Gypenoside L enhance skeletal muscle differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism by activating the PGC-1α pathway in C2C12 myotubes

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