Gyrotron Development in the EU for Present Fusion Experiments and for ITER

Thumm, M.; Alberti, S.; Arnold, A.; Bariou, D.; Dammertz, G.; Darbos, C.; Dumbrājs, O.; Gantenbein, G.; Erckmann, V.; Giguet, E.; Heidinger, R.; Hogge, J.P.; Illy, S.; Jin, Jianbo; Kasparek, W.; Lievin, C.; Magne, R.; Michel, G.; Piosczyk, B.; Prinz, O.; Rzesnicki, T.; Schwörer, K.; Tran, M.Q.; Yang, Xiaoxia; Yovchev, I.

doi:10.1063/1.2158772

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The window material is extremely expensive and diameters larger than 120 mm and 2.5 mm thickness, which would be particularly viable, have not been produced so far. The thermal conductivity has been found to decrease with increasing total fast neutron fluence (E > 1 MeV) [180] but remains even at very high fluences of 10 22 n m −2 of the order of a few 100 W (mK) −1 and thus sufficiently high to allow efficient heat removal via edge fluid cooling [181,182] as demonstrated with the ECRH gyrotron output window developed for W7-X and ITER [183].…”

Section: Plasma Facing Optical Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostics for steady state plasmas

Hartfuß¹,

König²,

Werner³

2006

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Problems related to the development of diagnostics for steady state fusion plasma experiments are being discussed. The paper concentrates on those necessities already appearing in nowadays non-burning plasma fusion experiments when extending pulse lengths beyond 10 s, i.e. thermal load, erosion, deposition, and long-time signal integration in magnetic diagnostics. Problems arising from high power ECRH under conditions of incomplete absorption are outlined. Individual standard diagnostic systems are discussed to identify their specific problems as well as the opportunities connected with long pulse operation. Burning plasma experiments characterized by intense n-and g-radiation are briefly reviewed for reasons of completeness, dealing with radiation induced processes in windows, fibres, cables, and mirrors. Methods of data handling, real time monitoring, and plasma control are outlined. Index

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