H-Na (Hydrogen-Sodium)

Okamoto, H.

doi:10.1007/s11669-010-9759-8

Cited by 129 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…XRD measurements showed that it constituted a single phase, with a CaCu 5 crystal prototype structure, consistent with the literature. 199 Its lattice parameters are a ¼ 5.40 and c ¼ 4.35.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on platinum and its alloys

Stephens

Bondarenko

Grønbjerg

et al. 2012

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,085

1,024

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The high cost of low temperature fuel cells is to a large part dictated by the high loading of Pt required to catalyse the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Arguably the most viable route to decrease the Pt loading, and to hence commercialise these devices, is to improve the ORR activity of Pt by alloying it with other metals. In this perspective paper we provide an overview of the fundamentals underlying the reduction of oxygen on platinum and its alloys. We also report the ORR activity of Pt 5 La for the first time, which shows a 3.5-to 4.5-fold improvement in activity over Pt in the range 0.9 to 0.87 V, respectively. We employ angle resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations to understand the activity of Pt 5 La.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike Pt, Pt 3 Ni or Pt 3 Y, Pt 5 La does not form a closely packed structure in the bulk. 199 The bulk structure is comprised of alternating layers of pure Pt and Pt and La, parallel to the (001) plane, as shown schematically in Fig. 15b.…”

Section: Alloys Of Pt and Early Transition Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on platinum and its alloys

Stephens

Bondarenko

Grønbjerg

et al. 2012

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,085

1,024

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For the cases of 19, 30, and 38 ML the spectra change drastically, showing some incorporation of Sb in the grown Co film-besides Sb at the surface. In fact, the bulk solubility limit of Sb in Co is well below 1% at room temperature [22]. This incorporation of Sb may therefore be due to the relatively low growth temperature (room temperature) employed in this experiment and the increasingly roughening of Co the film: Sb atoms in holes are just covered by the arriving Co atoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Improvement of interface structure and magnetic properties of Co on Si (100) by surfactant (Sb) mediated growth

Dash¹,

Goll²,

Carstanjen³

2009

Appl. Phys. A

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In this study thin Co films were grown on Si (100): (1) with one monolayer of Sb as surfactant and (2) without any surfactant. The Co film, its interface with the Si substrate and the behavior of the Sb surfactant layer were investigated during the growth by high-resolution Rutherford backscattering. By the use of Sb, the evaporated cobalt grows in a layer-by-layer mode and the mixing of Co and Si at the interface is strongly reduced. During the evaporation of Co, Sb floats on the surface for all Co coverages with some incorporation in the grown Co film only for higher coverages. The improvement of the interface quality is also reflected in the magnetic properties of the Co film.

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“…This is because magnesium and zirconium coexist without intermetallic compound formation in the range of 2.7 99.9 mass%Zr. 19) Thus, a higher purity of zirconium powder could be achieved when MgO is used for apparatus material. Furthermore, MgO material was used for not only the crucible but also the lance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Zirconium Powder Through ZrCl<sub>4</sub> Bubbling in Mg-MgCl<sub>2</sub> Bath

Bae

Choi²,

Lee³

et al. 2015

Mater. Trans.

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An alternative process has been studied for zirconium production through chemical reaction between ZrCl 4 bubbles and magnesium melt floating on molten MgCl 2 salt. The preparation of pure zirconium in the form of powder was successfully accomplished by cleaning process consisting of washing with distilled water and pickling with hydrochloric acid solution. The purity of zirconium powder increased with dense concentration of hydrochloric acid solution and longer pickling time by removing residual magnesium, MgCl 2 and other impurities except for zirconium. The sufficiently high level of purity was achieved by pickling for 6 hours using 3 mass% of hydrochloric acid solution. It was noteworthy that purity of zirconium powder was deteriorated with the formation of intermetallic compounds when alumina or iron was used for apparatus material. Meanwhile, a sound quality without any intermetallic compound and high purity were achieved when MgO material was used. It was found that there were no significant differences in purity and morphology of zirconium powder depending on reaction temperature. However, mean particle size was increased by increasing reaction temperature.

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H-Na (Hydrogen-Sodium)

Cited by 129 publications

References 2 publications

Understanding the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on platinum and its alloys

Understanding the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on platinum and its alloys

Improvement of interface structure and magnetic properties of Co on Si (100) by surfactant (Sb) mediated growth

Preparation of Zirconium Powder Through ZrCl<sub>4</sub> Bubbling in Mg-MgCl<sub>2</sub> Bath

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