H/sup +/ implanted channel waveguides in buried epitaxial crystalline YAG:Nd,Tm layers and infrared to blue upconversion characterization

Abstract

Nd,Tm:YAG codoped single crystal waveguides were studied in order to discover if the presence of Nd 3+ ions favors blue luminescence at 486 nm. Innovative implantation techniques were applied to locally change ⌬n and form varied H + implanted channel structures in Nd,Tm:YAG buried epitaxial waveguiding layers. The guided blue luminescence due to the Tm 3+ 1 G 4 → 3 H 6 transition was studied under infrared excitation at 785 nm ͑Tm 3+ absorption͒ and 808 nm ͑Nd 3+ absorption͒ for the epitaxial planar waveguides of different Tm 3+ and Nd 3+ concentrations for all the implanted channel waveguide structures.