H2O/D2O Contrast Variation for Ultra-Small-Angle Neutron Scattering to Minimize Multiple Scattering Effects of Colloidal Particle Suspensions

Otsuki, Akira; Campo, Liliana de; Garvey, Christopher J.; Rehm, Christine

doi:10.3390/colloids2030037

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The calculation of that ratio was based on recently reported SANS contrast variation data. 58 Indeed, the filled Ca-alg and X-Ca-alg-RE samples show very minor specific scattering caused by nanosized objects (Figure 4). This means that the scattering of the Ca-alginate backbone is almost completely matched.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Therefore, the contrast of the Ca-alginate component is expected to be matched by completely filling the samples with the 46 wt % H 2 O–54 wt % D 2 O mixture. The calculation of that ratio was based on recently reported SANS contrast variation data . Indeed, the filled Ca-alg and X-Ca-alg-RE samples show very minor specific scattering caused by nanosized objects (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamental Skeletal Nanostructure of Nanoporous Polymer-Cross-Linked Alginate Aerogels and Its Relevance To Environmental Remediation

Paraskevopoulou

Raptopoulos

Len

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Nanoporous polyurea-cross-linked Ca-alginate (X-Ca-alginate) aerogels were prepared by reacting an aliphatic or aromatic triisocyanate with the preformed biopolymer network post gelation and drying in supercritical CO 2 . The nanomorphology of native Caalginate aerogels together with those of the different X-Ca-alginate aerogels were investigated using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy, N 2 -sorption porosimetry, and contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering. Native Ca-alginate aerogels were built from primary nanoparticles (8.3 ± 0.1 nm in radius) that attach to one another forming secondary particles. In X-Ca-alginate aerogels, the aliphatic and aromatic polyureas attach to primary nanoparticles (which increase in size up to 10.0 ± 0.1 nm) via urethane linkages, and then they extend into the empty space within secondary particles in different ways. Cross-linking with an aliphatic triisocyanate leads to the formation of a dense polyurea layer over the primary nanoparticles, following the contours of the Ca-alginate skeletal framework. The rigid aromatic triisocyanate forms a more loose and randomly oriented polymer structure that more or less fills the empty space between the primary nanoparticles within the secondary particles. Both processes leave the primary Ca-alginate structure practically undisturbed, while it does affect the structure at the most fundamental level, increasing the primary particle size and reducing the porosity. The different fundamental skeletal nanostructures of X-Ca-alginate aerogels affect not only their material properties but also their potential for application in environmental remediation.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Skeletal Nanostructure of Nanoporous Polymer-Cross-Linked Alginate Aerogels and Its Relevance To Environmental Remediation

Paraskevopoulou

Raptopoulos

Len

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Minerals are familiar to us in our daily lives and are used in various fields (e.g., ceramics, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics) [ 1 ]. In order to extract minerals from rocks, a combination of mechanical comminution methods of crushing and grinding (e.g., ball mill) based on compression, impact and shearing mechanisms are generally used [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Electrical and Thermal Properties of Granite under the Application of Electrical Pulses Using Equivalent Circuit Models

et al. 2022

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Since energy efficiency in comminution of ores is as small as 1% using a mechanical crushing process, it is highly demanded to improve its efficiency. Using electrical impulses to selectively liberate valuable minerals from ores can be a solution of this problem. In this work, we developed a simulation method using equivalent circuits of granite to better understand the crushing process with high-voltage (HV) electrical pulses. From our simulation works, we calculated the electric field distributions in granite when an electrical pulse was applied. We also calculated other associated electrical phenomena such as produced heat and temperature changes from the simulation results. A decrease in the electric field was observed in the plagioclase with high electrical conductivity and void space. This suggests that the void volume in each mineral is important in calculating the electrical properties. Our equivalent circuit models considering both the electrical conductivity and dielectric constant of a granite can more accurately represent the electrical properties of granite under HV electric pulse application. These results will help us better understand the liberation of minerals from granite by electric pulse application.

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“…Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is an effective technique to characterize submicron and nanoparticles by measuring particle size and particle size distribution (PSD) [ 1 ] which is widely used in fluid dynamics [ 2 ], polymer materials [ 3 ], medicine [ 4 ], biochemistry [ 5 ], silica nanoparticles [ 6 ], and the ultra-small-angle neutron scattering [ 7 ]. The PSD information is obtained by the inversion of the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the scattered light intensity, which mathematically speaking is an ill-posed problem as it involves Fredholm integral equations of the first type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Size Inversion Constrained by L∞ Norm for Dynamic Light Scattering

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Materials

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Particle size inversion of dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a typically ill-posed problem. Regularization is an effective method to solve the problem. The regularization involves imposing constraints on the fitted autocorrelation function data by adding a norm. The classical regularization inversion for DLS data is constrained by the L2 norm. In the optimization equation, the norm determines the smoothness and stability of the inversion result, affecting the inversion accuracy. In this paper, the Lp norm regularization model is constructed. When p is 1, 2, 10, 50, 100, 1000, and ∞, respectively, the influence of their norm models on the inversion results of data with different noise levels is studied. The results prove that overall, the inversion distribution errors show a downward trend with the increase of p. When p is larger than 10, there is no significant difference in distribution error. Compared with L2, L∞ can provide better performance for unimodal particles with strong noise, although this does not occur in weak noise cases. Meanwhile, L∞ has lower sensitivity to noise and better peak resolution, and its inverse particle size distribution is closer to the true distribution for bimodal particles. Thus, L∞ is more suitable for the inversion of DLS data.

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H2O/D2O Contrast Variation for Ultra-Small-Angle Neutron Scattering to Minimize Multiple Scattering Effects of Colloidal Particle Suspensions

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Fundamental Skeletal Nanostructure of Nanoporous Polymer-Cross-Linked Alginate Aerogels and Its Relevance To Environmental Remediation

Fundamental Skeletal Nanostructure of Nanoporous Polymer-Cross-Linked Alginate Aerogels and Its Relevance To Environmental Remediation

Simulation of Electrical and Thermal Properties of Granite under the Application of Electrical Pulses Using Equivalent Circuit Models

Particle Size Inversion Constrained by L∞ Norm for Dynamic Light Scattering

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