In this paper, we have reported the effect of magneto-ferrite treatment on the reduction of excess activated sludge in the laboratory scale. This magneto-ferrite treatment is a new approach for reduction of excess sludge by using ferrite particles and permanent magnets. First, we determined the parameters for this method and then with the parameters, we observed the effect of this new method on activated sludge with the running method of Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) of a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP). Two miniature WWTPs were used at the laboratory, which one was run with magneto-ferrite treatment while another was run without any treatment. The observations showed good results in reduction of excess sludge growth. The growth of excess sludge was controlled at 42% comparing to that of non-treatment system running WWTPs with CAS. The results showed good possibilities of reducing sludge in the arena of biological waste water treatment.

We have reported the effect of magneto‐ferrite treatment on the growth of excess activated sludge in laboratory scale with extended aeration method. This magneto‐ferrite treatment is a new approach for reduction of excess sludge by using ferrite particles and permanent magnets. Two miniature waste water treatment plants were used at the laboratory, one of which was run with magneto‐ferrite treatment, whereas other one was run without any treatment. The observations showed good results in the reduction of excess sludge. No evidence of excess sludge was found with magneto‐ferrite treatment. The results showed good possibilities of reducing sludge in the arena of biological waste water treatment. © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Rice husk (RH) is a globally abundant and sustainable bioresource composed of lignocellulose and inorganic components, the majority of which consist of silicon oxides (approximately 20% w/w in dried RH). In this work, a RH-derived C/SiOx composite (RHC) was prepared by carbonization at 1000 °C for use in Li-ion battery anodes. To find a suitable binder for RHC, the RHC-based electrodes were fabricated using two different contemporary aqueous binders: polyacrylic acid (PAA) and a combination of carboxymethyl cellulose and styrene butadiene rubber (CMC/SBR). The rate and cycling performances of the RHC electrodes with respect to the insertion/extraction of Li ions were evaluated in a half-cell configuration. The cell was shorted for 24 h to completely lithiate the RHC. Impedance analysis was conducted to identify the source of the increase in the resistance of the RHC electrodes. The RHC electrode fabricated using PAA exhibited higher specific capacity for Li-ion extraction during the cycling test. The PAA binder strengthened the electrode and alleviated the increase in electrode resistance caused by the formation of the interphase film. The high affinity of PAA for SiOx in RHC was responsible for the stabilization of the anodic performance of Li-ion batteries.

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Activated sludge method is widely being used for wastewater treatment in many countries including Japan. This method is very useful, as its running cost is very cheap. However, every year a large amount of excess sludge is being produced in the Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs) which is a serious problem in terms of both economical and environmental. So, the experiments on reduction of excess sludge are carried out in many countries.We have introduced Magneto-ferrite treatment on activated sludge in order to reduce excess sludge in the laboratory scale. This magneto-ferrite treatment is a new approach for reduction of excess sludge by using ferrite particles and permanent magnets. A rotary treatment plant was introduced which showed good possibilities of this method for applying it in the practical WWTPs. The parameters of the method were determined. Two miniature WWTPs were used at the laboratory, where one was run with magneto-ferrite treatment while another was run without any treatment. The observations showed good results in reduction of excess sludge growth. The growth of excess sludge was controlled at 72% comparing to that of non-treatment system running WWTPs with CAS. The results showed good possibilities of reducing sludge in the area of biological wastewater treatment.