H9N2 influenza virus isolated from minks has enhanced virulence in mice

Xue, Rui; Tian, Yingying; Hou, Tieying; Bao, Dan; Chen, H.; Teng, Quincy; Yang, Jianmei; Li, X.; Wang, G.; Li, Z.; Liu, Q.

doi:10.1111/tbed.12805

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Whether such genetic and phenotypic changes are part of the zoonotic potential needed for transmission or are part of the adaptation in the human host needs to be analyzed. For instance, different well-studied adaptive genetic changes in human AIV isolates (e.g., Q591K, E627K or D701N) were also detected in avian or other intermediate hosts, but to lesser extent [ 111 , 165 , 166 , 167 ]. To better assess the pandemic risk-potential of AIVs, a profound understanding for the implications of these (adaptive) changes on viral characteristics seems to be of great importance.…”

Section: Viral Determinants For Zoonotic Potential Of Iavmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Potential of Influenza A Viruses: A Comprehensive Overview

Mostafa

Mettenleiter

et al. 2018

Viruses

225

221

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Influenza A viruses (IAVs) possess a great zoonotic potential as they are able to infect different avian and mammalian animal hosts, from which they can be transmitted to humans. This is based on the ability of IAV to gradually change their genome by mutation or even reassemble their genome segments during co-infection of the host cell with different IAV strains, resulting in a high genetic diversity. Variants of circulating or newly emerging IAVs continue to trigger global health threats annually for both humans and animals. Here, we provide an introduction on IAVs, highlighting the mechanisms of viral evolution, the host spectrum, and the animal/human interface. Pathogenicity determinants of IAVs in mammals, with special emphasis on newly emerging IAVs with pandemic potential, are discussed. Finally, an overview is provided on various approaches for the prevention of human IAV infections.

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Section: Viral Determinants For Zoonotic Potential Of Iavmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Potential of Influenza A Viruses: A Comprehensive Overview

Mostafa

Mettenleiter

et al. 2018

Viruses

225

221

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“…Surveillance in other domestic animal species, including pigs, minks, dogs, and cats have resulted in positive H9N2 virus isolations (Okamatsu et al 2008;Shanmuganatham et al 2014;Peacock et al 2016;Xue et al 2018). There is only a single report of an H9N2 virus of the BJ94 lineage isolated from a horse in Guanxi, China (He 2012).…”

Section: Clinical Signs Pathology and Interspecies Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Minks (in the family Mustelidae) are widely farmed for their fur and are highly susceptible to influenza viruses of both human and avian origins, including H9N2 (Åkerstedt et al 2012;Yong-Feng et al 2017;Xue et al 2018). BJ94like H9N2 viruses have been reported from minks in China, some of which carry the E627K mutation in PB2 associated with mammalian adaptation (Subbarao et al 1993;Hatta et al 2001;Peng et al 2015).…”

Section: Clinical Signs Pathology and Interspecies Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H9 Influenza Viruses: An Emerging Challenge

Carnaccini

Pérez

2019

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med

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Influenza A viruses (IAVs) of the H9 subtype are enzootic in Asia, the Middle East, and parts of North and Central Africa, where they cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry. Of note, some strains of H9N2 viruses have been linked to zoonotic episodes of mild respiratory diseases. Because of the threat posed by H9N2 viruses to poultry and human health, these viruses are considered of pandemic concern by the World Health Organization (WHO). H9N2 IAVs continue to diversify into multiple antigenically and phylogenetically distinct lineages that can further promote the emergence of strains with pandemic potential. Somewhat neglected compared with the H5 and H7 subtypes, there are numerous indicators that H9N2 viruses could be involved directly or indirectly in the emergence of the next influenza pandemic. The goal of this work is to discuss the state of knowledge on H9N2 IAVs and to provide an update on the contemporary global situation.

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“…Although in recent years, due to the influence of foreign market demand, the breeding scale has declined, but mink breeding is still an important pillar industry in Shandong Province. However, a range of pathogenic microbes are causing a wide variety of infectious diseases in Shandong (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Some of which may even have the risk of infecting people, and it would be a threat to mink breeding and public health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Application of Multiplex PCR for Simultaneously Detecting Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus in Minks

Zhang

Hong-mei

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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To establish a multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K. pneumoniae ), and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), four pairs of specific primers were designed according to the conservative regions of phoA gene for E. coli, invA gene for Salmonella, khe gene for K. pneumoniae, nuc gene for S. aureus . The quadruple PCR system was established through optimization of multiplex PCR and detection of specificity, sensitivity, and stability. The results showed that target gene bands of E. coli (622 bp), Salmonella (801 bp), K. pneumoniae (303 bp), and S. aureus (464 bp) could be amplified by this method specifically and simultaneously from the same sample containing the four pathogens, with a detection sensitivity of 100 pg/μL. Meanwhile, no bands of common clinical bacteria, including Clostridium perfringens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pasteurella multocida, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis , and Bacillus subtilis were amplified. In addition, 380 tissue samples were detected by multiplex and single PCR established in current study, respectively. Among the 368 carcass samples, positive detection rates of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Salmonella , and S. aureus were 33.7, 12.0, 10.6, and 13.9%. Among the 12 visceral tissue samples, positive detection rates of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Salmonella , and S. aureus were 41.7, 25.0, 16.7, and 8.3%, respectively. Positive detection rates of multiplex PCR were consistent with that of single PCR. Compared with single PCR, the multiplex PCR method had the advantages of time-saving, high specificity and high sensitivity. The results showed that the minks in these farms had mixed infection of these four pathogens, and the method established in this study could be applied to the rapid and accurate detection and identification of these four bacteria. In conclusion, the multiplex PCR method has stable detection results, good repeatability, and short detection time. It is suitable for the rapid and accurate detection of four kinds of bacteria above the carcass of fur animals, which could be suitable in microbial epidemiology investigation. It can provide a reliable technical reference for rapid clinical diagnosis and detection.

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H9N2 influenza virus isolated from minks has enhanced virulence in mice

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Zoonotic Potential of Influenza A Viruses: A Comprehensive Overview

Zoonotic Potential of Influenza A Viruses: A Comprehensive Overview

H9 Influenza Viruses: An Emerging Challenge

Establishment and Application of Multiplex PCR for Simultaneously Detecting Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus in Minks

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