Habit Formation in Voting: Evidence from Rainy Elections

Fujiwara, Thomas; Meng, Kyle C.; Vogl, Tom

doi:10.1257/app.20140533

Cited by 129 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Prior studies have addressed the first problem by instrumenting for the stock with lags (and sometimes leads) of determinants of demand, such as prices or taxes in the case of cigarettes (Becker, Grossman, and Murphy 1994;Chaloupka 1991;Fenn, Antonovitz, and Schroeter 2001;Sloan, Smith, and Taylor 2002), or rainfall in the case of voting (Fujiwara, Meng, and Vogl 2016). First, the stock of past consumption is necessarily correlated with the error term in the presence of serial correlation.…”

Section: A Estimating the Demand Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their study of voting behavior, Fujiwara, Meng, and Vogl (2016) make a strong case that lagged rainfall likely affects contemporaneous voting only through an addiction channel. In their study of voting behavior, Fujiwara, Meng, and Vogl (2016) make a strong case that lagged rainfall likely affects contemporaneous voting only through an addiction channel.…”

Section: A Estimating the Demand Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Model of Addiction and Social Interactions

Reif

2018

Economic Inquiry

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Many consumer behaviors are both addictive and social. Understanding how these two phenomena interact informs basic models of human behavior, and matters for policymakers when the behavior is regulated. I develop a new model of demand that incorporates both addiction and social interactions and show that, under certain conditions, social interactions reinforce the effects of addiction. I also show how the dynamics introduced by addiction can solve the pernicious problem of identifying the causal effects of social interactions. I then use the model to illustrate a new and important identification problem for studies of social interactions: existing estimates cannot be used to draw welfare conclusions or even to deduce whether social interactions increase aggregate demand. Finally, I develop a method that allows researchers to distinguish between two common forms of social interactions and draw welfare conclusions. (JEL D11, H20) * I thank

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Section: A Estimating the Demand Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Estimating the Demand Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model of Addiction and Social Interactions

Reif

2018

Economic Inquiry

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“…We will further include as regressors in our regression equations: 1) the rainfall on the day of election, to control for any direct effect on turnout. Gomez, Hansford, and Krause (2007) and Fujiwara, Meng, and Vogl (2016), among others, document that rain on election day has a negative impact on turnout in U.S. presidential elections, whereas Lind (2015) shows that it has a positive impact on turnout in Norwegian municipal elections; and 2) the average daily rainfall in April of year t, to control for any effect of the rain on the campaign period. Similarly, we match newspaper circulation in period t with internet diffusion recorded at the beginning of period t, and we calculate our instruments based on rainfall in the year before the beginning of period t-e.g., we match newspaper circulation during January-June of year t with broadband diffusion recorded in December of year t − 1 and with cumulative rainfall during January-December of year t − 1.…”

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confidence: 99%

Internet and Politics: Evidence from U.K. Local Elections and Local Government Policies

2015

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. We empirically study the effects of broadband internet diffusion on local election outcomes and on local government policies using rich data from the U.K. Our analysis suggests that the internet has displaced other media with greater news content (i.e., radio and newspapers), thereby decreasing voter turnout, most notably among less-educated and younger individuals. In turn, we find suggestive evidence that local government expenditures and taxes are lower in areas with greater broadband diffusion, particularly expenditures targeted at less-educated voters. Our findings are consistent with the idea that voters' information plays a key role in determining electoral participation, government policies and government size. Terms of use: Documents inJEL-Codes: D720.

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“…However, biological models and empirical evidence suggest that the opposite is also possible: people may seek homeostasis (Brager and de Dear 1998)-the idea that animals (and humans) exposed to extreme heat (or cold) seek out cooler 2. And Fujiwara et al (2016) confirm that habit formation affects voting turnouts. Atkin (2013) finds that the food varieties that migrants in India consume resemble the typical diet of the region from where these migrants were born.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Energy Use and Temperature Habituation: Evidence From High Frequency Thermostat Usage Data

2018

Economic Inquiry

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Using micro-level thermostat data from 27,000 U.S. households, we analyze how home heating/cooling decisions respond to weather. Responses are greater for extreme heat than for extreme cold and persist for at least 30 days after exposure, due in part to transaction costs but also to changes in intrinsic preferences. Failure to understand habit can lead us to overestimate the impact of short-term policy nudges but underestimate the long-run impact of small changes. Higher frequency estimates of how behavior responds to weather improve our understanding of climate adaptation as climate change affects not only mean temperatures but also variances. (JEL C55, D03, Q4) * We thank the co-editor, Charles Mason, and three anonymous referees as well as seminar participants at Hamilton College, Vassar College, Columbia University, and the Eastern Economic Association conference for their insightful comments. All errors are ours.

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Habit Formation in Voting: Evidence from Rainy Elections

Cited by 129 publications

References 63 publications

A Model of Addiction and Social Interactions

A Model of Addiction and Social Interactions

Internet and Politics: Evidence from U.K. Local Elections and Local Government Policies

Energy Use and Temperature Habituation: Evidence From High Frequency Thermostat Usage Data

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