Habitat and protection of water resources in suburban areas in African cities

Tanawa, Émile; Tchapnga, Henri Bosko Djeuda; Ngnikam, Emmanuel; Temgoua, Émile; Siakeu, Jean

doi:10.1016/s0360-1323(01)00024-5

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Water from alternative sources presented relatively good quality, and was polluted only when the infrastructures were not well managed. This is in conformity with the findings of Tanawa et al (2002) who showed that complementary methods, notably wells and springs may be validly conciliated with thinkable protection measures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, waste disposal and provision of drinking water at homes has since been major concerns. Many studies in African cities report that: Wells, rivers and springs are ubiquitously used for water supply; many pit latrines present an open bottom and can create localised saturated flow conditions that imply great risks of using groundwater (Tanawa, 2002;Tanawa et al, 2002;Temgoua, 2006). The present study aims to diagnose the state of water supply and sanitation in the Dschang Urban Council area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drinking water quality: stakes of control and sanitation in the town of Dschang - Cameroon

Temgoua¹,

Ngnikam²,

Ndongson³

2009

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

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The present study aims to present a complete diagnosis of the state of water supply and sanitation in the Dschang city. After an inventory of the actor practices starting from existing documentations of the Dschang urban council, 87,000 inhabitants, we identified consumers through physical field identification of the water supplies and sanitation in November 2007. All wells were mapped, 300 households surveyed and water quality analysed. It appears that water is basically supplied through connection on the conventional "CAMWATER" network. Over 52.2% of households not connected to network used 728 alternative points for water assessment (705 wells and 23 springs), and drawn drinking water especially from springs. Bacteriological quality varies greatly from one water point to another. Water coming from depth soils and managed water points are relatively more improved in quality. For the 250 sanitation installations surveyed, 70% of households use pit latrines with open bottom; 116 latrines are located in a radius of 15 m around the wells and springs. For the wastewater drainage and treatment, no device is constructed. The difficulties of supplying safe drinking water and the precarious conditions of sanitation seemed to be the origin of many water borne-diseases in this city.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking water quality: stakes of control and sanitation in the town of Dschang - Cameroon

Temgoua¹,

Ngnikam²,

Ndongson³

2009

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

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“…Les résultats indiquent que l'épuration totale en zone non saturée selon la méthode Rehse est effectuée à plus de 3 mètres, les eaux souterraines sont de mauvaise qualité microbiologique. Deux zones de Introduction Yaoundé, comme la plupart des grandes villes d'Afrique subsaharienne connaît une forte croissance démographique, avec un taux annuel estimé à 5,6 % (Tanawa et al, 2002). Cette croissance s'accompagne d'un développement spatial de la ville sans que les services urbains de base (eau potable, assainissement, électricité, voirie) ne suivent.…”

Section: Résuméunclassified

Vulnérabilité des eaux souterraines et périmètres de protection dans le bassin versant de la Mingoa (Yaoundé, Cameroun)

Youmbi

Ntamack

Feumba

et al. 2011

rum

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La présente étude traite de la vulnérabilité des nappes phréatiques et de la proposition d’un périmètre de protection dans le bassin versant de la Mingoa, menacées par les foyers de pollution notamment les latrines traditionnelles représentant 83 % des ouvrages d’assainissement individuel. Ces nappes phréatiques sont fortement sollicitées par près de 63 % des ménages non raccordés au réseau SNEC (LESEAU, 2004). Le coefficient d’occupation des sols est de 90 %. La méthode repose sur les enquêtes, les observations directes et les analyses en laboratoire. Les résultats indiquent que l’épuration totale en zone non saturée selon la méthode Rehse est effectuée à plus de 3 mètres, les eaux souterraines sont de mauvaise qualité microbiologique. Deux zones de protection sont définies en tenant compte du contexte sociodémographique, pédologique et environnemental.The present study examines the vulnerability of groundwater within the Mingoa’s watershed, threatened by the pollution sources namely the traditional pit toilets representing 83 % of the sanitation work (LESEAU, 2004) and the proposal of a protection zone for that area. Groundwaters are highly demanded by about 63 % of homes unconnected to the SNEC network (LESEAU, 2004). The land use rate is 90 %. The methodological approach lies on surveys, direct observation and the laboratory analyses. The results indicate that the total cleansing on the unsaturated zone according to the Rehse method is effective at 3 meters; groundwaters are of bad microbiological quality. Two protection zones are defined taking into account the sociodemographic, pedologic and environmental context

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“…These poor neighbourhoods have to rely mainly on wells, springs and rivers for their drinking water sources. Water analysis of 40 wells revealed that 80% of the water sources exhibit a poor bacteriological quality (Tanawa et al 2002). As a result, diarrhoeal diseases have become a severe problem among the population of …”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health gains from solar water disinfection (SODIS): evaluation of a water quality intervention in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Graf

Togouet

Kemka

et al. 2010

Journal of Water and Health

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Habitat and protection of water resources in suburban areas in African cities

Cited by 33 publications

References 2 publications

Drinking water quality: stakes of control and sanitation in the town of Dschang - Cameroon

Drinking water quality: stakes of control and sanitation in the town of Dschang - Cameroon

Vulnérabilité des eaux souterraines et périmètres de protection dans le bassin versant de la Mingoa (Yaoundé, Cameroun)

Health gains from solar water disinfection (SODIS): evaluation of a water quality intervention in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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