Habitat effects of macrophytes and shell on carbonate chemistry and juvenile clam recruitment, survival, and growth

Greiner, Courtney M.; Klinger, Terrie; Ruesink, Jennifer L.; Barber, Julie S.; Horwith, Micah

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2018.08.006

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…acidification on epiphytic foraminifera and mussels, respectively (Martin et al 2008;Pettit et al 2015;Saderne et al 2015). To date, only one study has investigated the effects of macrophyte presence close to shellfish cultures and how their OA buffering capacity can support calcification (Greiner et al 2018). This study indicated that the presence of macrophytes does not increase pH or Ω arg , suggesting that this might not be the best strategy to improve carbonate seawater chemistry near clam beds.…”

Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The concept of chemical refuge has been raised in response to major concerns about the negative effects of OA on calcifying invertebrates (Buapet et al 2013;Greiner et al 2018;Groner et al 2018;Hendriks 2014;Krause-Jensen et al 2016;Unsworth et al 2012). In coastal ecosystems, macroalgal beds are characterised by intense metabolic activity capable of modifying their surrounding environment (Cornwall et al 2013(Cornwall et al , 2014Dayton 1985;Hofmann et al 2011;Hurd 2015).…”

Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degree of OA buffering capacity might depend on the structure of macrophyte communities and hydrodynamic conditions. This would mean site-specific responses (Comeau & Cornwall 2017;Greiner et al 2018). In a habitat formed by high biomass such as macroalgae or seagrasses, seawater pH can reach optimal values for calcification of associated organisms (Cornwall et al 2013;Pettit et al 2015;Saderne et al 2015).…”

Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, because metabolic rates are species specific, it is necessary to determine the optimal ratio between the two cultivated species to obtain an efficient utilisation of CO 2 (uptake) and the extent of the buffering OA effect. Although the introduction of macroalgae near shellfish culture might be a good strategy to mitigate negative impacts of OA on economically important bivalve species such as mussels (Billé et al 2013;Greiner et al 2018;Hendriks et al 2015), this needs to be investigated under laboratory and large-scale field conditions.…”

Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-culture in marine farms: macroalgae can act as chemical refuge for shell-forming molluscs under an ocean acidification scenario

2019

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With ongoing climate change, aquaculture faces environmental challenges similar to those of natural ecosystems. These include increasing stress for calcifying species, e.g. macroalgae and shellfish. In this context, ocean acidification (OA) has the potential to affect important socioeconomic activities, including shellfish aquaculture, due to changes in the seawater carbonate system. However, coastal environments are characterised by strong diurnal pH fluctuations associated with the metabolic activity of macroalgae; that is, photosynthesis and respiration. This suggests that calcifying organisms that inhabit these ecosystems are adapted to this fluctuating pH environment. Macrophyte-dominated environments may have the potential to act as an OA buffering system in the form of a photosynthetic footprint, by reducing excess of CO 2 and increasing the seawater pH and Ω arg. This can support calcification and other threatened physiological processes of calcifying organisms under a reduced pH environment. Because this footprint is supportive beyond the macroalgal canopy spatial area, this chemical refuge mechanism can be applied to support shellfish aquaculture, e.g. mussels. However, this approach should be tested in commercial shellfish farms to determine critical aspects of implementation. This includes critical factors such as target species and productivity rates. The degree of OA buffering capacity caused by the metabolic activity of macroalgae might depend on community structure and hydrodynamic conditions, creating site-specific responses. This concept might aid the development of future adaptive strategies, supporting marine ecological planning for the mussel aquaculture industry in Chile.

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Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Macrophytes As Oa Refuges For Calcifying Marine Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-culture in marine farms: macroalgae can act as chemical refuge for shell-forming molluscs under an ocean acidification scenario

2019

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“…Field sediments have also been successfully buffered using a mix of 70% Crassostrea gigas shells and 30% mixed-species clam shells crushed to a grain size of 5 cm or less. Sediments treated with this mixture were ~0.2 pH units higher than untreated sediments after 55 days [20]. The controlled conditions of laboratory aquaria should allow for these field methods to be modified so that the crushed shell counteracts the acidification caused by the sediment bacteria without raising the pH higher than collection site values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Carbonate and Temperature as Tools for Manipulation of Coastal Sediment Acidification: A Laboratory Study

Prezoisi¹,

Bowden²,

Amirbahman³

2019

IJEMA

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The spread of low-pH sediments (also known as dead muds) has brought about the need for laboratory studies involving acidified sediment. CO 2 bubbling is traditionally used to acidify the sediment; however, allowing the native sediment bacteria to do the acidification is a more natural approach. The objective of the current study was to test if the surface sediment could be acidified using the sediment bacteria and determine how long the sediment chemistry stayed stable for. The pH of sediment taken from near Dobbins Island in Beals, ME, was monitored in sediment containers distributed evenly among 20-gallon aquaria containing artificial seawater for 74 days. Half of these aquaria were kept at 6.5°C while the other half were kept at 24°C. Each sediment bed had a depth of 15 cm and had pore water samples taken via syringe at the top, middle and bottom of the sediment column every 2-3 days. Crushed razor clam (Ensis leei) shell was applied to half of these sediment beds on day 33. The results show surface sediment pore water chemistry can be kept at acidified conditions (~6.0 pH/ ~500 µmol kg-1 total alkalinity/ less than 0.04 aragonite saturation state) or ambient collection site conditions (~6.8 pH/ ~4000 µmol kg-1 total alkalinity/ 0.10-0.25 aragonite saturation state) for month-long periods by incubating the sediment in recirculating aquaria or applying crushed E. leei shell respectively. Higher temperatures reduce the incubation time needed to acidify the sediment but shorten the period the surface sediment remains at 6.0 pH for. Before using the method, researchers should run a preliminary experiment with a batch of the sediment they intend to use to insure the sediment acidification intensity and duration meets their needs.

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An evaluation of the efficacy of shell hash for the mitigation of intertidal sediment acidification

Doyle

Bendell

2022

Ecosphere

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Our objectives were twofold: (1) to determine whether the addition of shell hash to intertidal sediments would mitigate porewater acidification and (2) whether its effectiveness was dependent on the type of sediment as described by organic matter (OM) and particle grain size (PGS). Field experiments were conducted at two sites within Burrard Inlet, British Columbia; Maplewood Mudflats (MM), high in OM and silt and Whey-ah-Wichen/Cates Park (WAW), low in OM and an equal PGS among very coarse, coarse, fine sand, and silt. Shell hash was added to triplicate treatment plots matched with triplicate controls at each site and porewater pH measured at flood and ebb tide over eight tidal cycles. Sampling occurred during June and July when tidal cycles were at their maximum inundation and exposure. Porewater pH was significantly greater for ebb versus flood tide and also between sites with MM significantly lower (7.59) as compared to WAW (8.03). Although pH was not mitigated by the shell hash, for WAW, variation in pH was reduced as compared to MM, as indicated by coefficients of variation over the 6-week sampling period. We suggest that the application of shell hash to reduce the impact of ocean acidification (OA) on intertidal sediments will be site dependent. The combined processes of eutrophication in sediments with high OM and respiration of infauna, especially at high densities, could act in concert with OA to create an intertidal region unsuitable for bivalve larvae settlement and development.

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Habitat effects of macrophytes and shell on carbonate chemistry and juvenile clam recruitment, survival, and growth

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Co-culture in marine farms: macroalgae can act as chemical refuge for shell-forming molluscs under an ocean acidification scenario

Co-culture in marine farms: macroalgae can act as chemical refuge for shell-forming molluscs under an ocean acidification scenario

Calcium Carbonate and Temperature as Tools for Manipulation of Coastal Sediment Acidification: A Laboratory Study

An evaluation of the efficacy of shell hash for the mitigation of intertidal sediment acidification

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