Habitat isolation affects plant–herbivore–enemy interactions on cherry trees

Schüepp, Christof; Uzman, Deniz; Herzog, Félix; Entling, Martin H.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.01.007

Cited by 32 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Therefore, herbivore abundance and herbivory may increase in small and isolated fragments if they are released from natural enemies or the top‐down regulation is relaxed (Schüepp et al. , Genua et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Landscape fragmentation could increase insect herbivory through indirect effects, as natural enemies like predators and parasitoids are often more sensitive to fragmentation than herbivores because of their higher trophic level (Tscharntke and Kruess 1999, Thies et al 2003, Holt 2010. Therefore, herbivore abundance and herbivory may increase in small and isolated fragments if they are released from natural enemies or the top-down regulation is relaxed (Sch€ uepp et al 2014, Genua et al 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insect and plant traits drive local and landscape effects on herbivory in grassland fragments

et al. 2019

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Herbivory is one of the most important antagonistic insect–plant interactions and can be influenced by factors at local and landscape scales. Landscape fragmentation may reduce herbivory directly (i.e., decreasing abundance and species richness of herbivores), but also indirectly increase herbivory (i.e., releasing herbivores from top‐down control). At a local scale, reduced plant diversity may enhance herbivory through lessened associated resistance, while resource availability (i.e., higher vegetation height and cover) may promote herbivory. Few studies have simultaneously considered the influence of local and landscape variables on insect herbivory. We evaluate effects of landscape (fragment size, connectivity, and arable land percentage) and local factors (plant cover and height and plant species richness) on insect herbivory in fragmented calcareous grasslands. Further, we ask whether these effects depend on feeding traits of herbivores (chewers vs. suckers) and habitat specialization of plants (specialists vs. generalists). Results show that herbivory was best explained by models including variables at both local and landscape scales. However, local factors were more important than landscape variables. Herbivory was in all cases positively related to height of herbs (i.e., taller and more heterogeneous food resources), whereas the effect of plant species richness varied with feeding traits of herbivores. Herbivory by chewers, which are commonly more generalist feeders, was negatively affected by plant species richness, supporting the idea of associated plant resistance. In contrast, herbivory by suckers, which tend to be more specialized, increased with plant richness. Although there was little influence of landscape scale, herbivory on specialist plants was significantly higher in smaller grasslands probably as a consequence of herbivore release from natural enemies. Functional redundancy among herbivore species would allow to maintain overall herbivory in fragmented calcareous grasslands. This study highlights the need to consider different herbivore and plant traits for a better understanding of herbivory responses to local and landscape factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect and plant traits drive local and landscape effects on herbivory in grassland fragments

et al. 2019

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“…The abundance of aphidophagous ladybirds remained independent not only from the cumulative pesticide toxicity, but also from the generally low prey (aphid) abundance and the varying weed height in the orchards (Supplementary Table 4). Altogether, the abundance of predatory beetles in this study was only weakly influenced by prey availability, but rather was determined by their dispersal capacity and by availability of source habitats (Elliott et al, 2002;Schüepp et al, 2014).…”

Section: Effects Of Orchard Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beside pesticides, a number of local-scale factors such as prey availability and ground cover vegetation can influence insect abundance in orchards and some of them may override the others (Elliott et al, 2002;Markó et al, 2013;Schüepp et al, 2014). In our study, instead of cumulative pesticide toxicity, the number of the acariphagous coccinellid, S. pusillus, was determined by their aggregation response to prey (mite) abundance in the period of the highest pesticide pressure, in May and June (Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Orchard Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscapes, orchards, pesticides–Abundance of beetles (Coleoptera) in apple orchards along pesticide toxicity and landscape complexity gradients

Markó

Elek

Kovács‐Hostyánszki

et al. 2017

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Landscapes, orchards, pesticides-Abundance of beetles (Coleoptera) in apple orchards along pesticide toxicity and landscape complexity gradients. -Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 247, AbstractLandscape composition may influence biodiversity and ecosystem services in agricultural fields.Hitherto, most studies have focused on annual crops and the available information on the impacts of landscape structure in orchards is sparse. In this study, we evaluated the effects of pesticide use as cumulative toxicity on pest and predatory beetle (Coleoptera) assemblages in the canopy of apple orchards surrounded by different proportion of semi-natural vegetation, crop fields and settlements in Hungary. Laboratory data suggest that increasing pesticide toxicity negatively affects predators (coccinellids), but we did not find such a pattern. Supposedly, the effect of pesticides was masked by the continuous recolonisation of orchards from the surrounding landscape. On the contrary, for the less mobile pest species [Anthonomus pomorum, Phyllobius oblongus (Curculionidae)] we did find a decline in abundance along the gradient of increasing pesticide toxicity. Landscape composition around the orchards significantly influenced the abundance of predatory, fungivorous and tourist species, but had no effect on pests. Contrary to expectations, however, semi-natural habitats had a minor effect compared to arable fields, orchards and settlements which habitat types had various effects on the abundance of different coleopteran groups and species. For example, Harmonia axyridis (Coccinellidae) abundance was positively affected by its overwintering sites, i.e. human settlements in spring, seminatural forests in summer, and arable fields in autumn. The mass immigration of other predatory, fungivorous and tourist species from the surrounding arable fields into the orchards started from July with senescence and harvesting of arable crops. These results suggest that arable fields, other orchards and settlements might be more important sources of colonisation for natural enemies in orchards than certain semi-natural habitats.

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“…Indeed, strongly reduced parasitism rates at isolated sites would rather suggest a release of top down pressure rather than an increase (Kruess and Tscharntke, 1994;Herrmann et al, 2012;Schüepp et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Wwwfrontiersinorgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat amount modulates the effect of patch isolation on host-parasitoid interactions

Coudrain

Schüepp

Herzog

et al. 2014

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Habitat amount and patch isolation are important determinants of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We studied the separate and interactive effects of these two components of habitat fragmentation on host-parasitoid interactions in a replicated landscape-scale study. We used trap-nesting solitary bees, wasps and their natural enemies as study system. We exposed trap nests in 30 tree patches in agricultural landscapes in northern Switzerland. Study sites were either (i) adjacent to forest (adjacent), (ii) distant from forest but connected through woody elements (connected) or (iii) distant from forest with no connecting woody elements (isolated). Independent of the three levels of isolation, the amount of woody habitat in the landscapes covered a gradient from 4 to 74%.Host and parasitoid species richness increased with the amount of habitat in the landscape and was strongly reduced at isolated compared to adjacent and connected sites. Loss of host species richness was 21% at isolated compared to non-isolated sites, whereas parasitoid species richness decreased by 68%, indicating that the higher trophic level was more adversely affected by isolation. Most importantly, habitat amount and isolation had a pronounced interactive effect on parasitism: while isolation resulted in a strong decrease in parasitism in landscapes with low habitat amount, this effect was mitigated by high habitat amount. These interactive effects were consistent across the three years of the study. The observed interplay between habitat amount and patch isolation may explain the often conflicting results in the habitat fragmentation literature and should be considered in future research on multitrophic communities and ecosystem functioning in fragmented landscapes.

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Habitat isolation affects plant–herbivore–enemy interactions on cherry trees

Cited by 32 publications

References 69 publications

Insect and plant traits drive local and landscape effects on herbivory in grassland fragments

Insect and plant traits drive local and landscape effects on herbivory in grassland fragments

Landscapes, orchards, pesticides–Abundance of beetles (Coleoptera) in apple orchards along pesticide toxicity and landscape complexity gradients

Habitat amount modulates the effect of patch isolation on host-parasitoid interactions

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