Hadrian's Wall

Birley, Eric

doi:10.1017/s0003581500033308

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…E. Birley favours this name for Bewcastle rather than the Banna suggested by Hodgson, on the grounds that Fanum Cocidi evidently lay in this part of Cumberland and no other site has yielded so many dedications to him. 27 He surmises that the Roman fort may have been sited on a pre-existing Celtic shrine and the god taken over by the Roman army together with his shrine. Five altars from Bewcastle are dedicated to Cocidius 28 and, from the aedes, two silver plaques, their significance heightened by their rarity, bearing his name and his likeness (PL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yardhope. A Shrine to Cocidius?

Charlton

Mitcheson

1983

Britannia

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T HE shrine was discovered in the Spring of 1980 and the excavation was carried out in June of that year by the Field Research Group of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne. The authors are indebted to Mr and Mrs D. A. Hofmann who made the initial discovery of the Yardhope relief, to the landowner, the Ministry of Defence, Otterburn Training Area, for permission to excavate, to Tyne Tees Television for some financial assistance, to Mr A. Reed for drawing their attention to the Hollinside relief and to Mr N. Gill for permission to photograph it. A special debt is owed to Drs D. Breeze and B. Dobson for assistance in the final drafting of this article and last, but by no means least, thanks must also be recorded to Ronald Charlton and John Day for their interest and willingness to help with the excavation, despite cramped working conditions and frequent hatches of midges. THE SITE At the request of the Ministry of Defence, the grid reference has been withheld. The shrine is situated high on the south side of the narrow valley of the Holystone Burn in Upper Coquetdale, Northumberland, within the Otterburn Military Training Area. (FIG. I). At a height of 300 metres above sea-level, it lies just below the summit of a long Fell Sandstone ridge which affords a spectacular view east to the heather-clad Simonside Hills and north, across the periphery of Harbottle Forest, to the foothills of the Cheviots. At the head of the valley to the west, the high, open moorland plateau drops down into Redesdale, where the Roman outpost fort of High Rochester, Bremenium, guards the vital communication-route of Dere Street at its junction with the branch road running east to join the Devil's Causeway near the Bridge of Aln. (FIG. 2.) From the top of the ridge it is possible to pick up the line of the branch road as it breasts the plateau, descends to the marching-camp near the confluence of the Trouty Sike and the Long Tae Burn and forges on down the length of the valley until it disappears into the confines of the coniferous woods. The slopes on the southern side of the valley are heavily infested with bracken, which grows to almost 1 5 m in those places, between the great slabs of weathered rock-outcrop, where the depth of peat is more than 20 cm. The height and density of this vegetation had successfully concealed the shrine from even the present farmer, Mr W. Richardson, who has tenanted the land since 1946. On the west side of a narrow gully, faulting in the bed-rock has formed a natural chamber, almost square, which has been utilized as a shrine, with its entrance on the east. Carved on the face of the rock on the north side of the entrance, and framed in a mushroom-shaped niche, is the full frontal figure of the god, 32 cm high. (PL. XIVA.) Facing east, this warrior stands with his feet slightly apart and his arms outstretched. In his right hand he holds a spear, in his left he brandishes the reverse of a small, round shield. Apart from what appears to be a close-fitting cap or helmet, pulled low over his jutting br...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yardhope. A Shrine to Cocidius?

Charlton

Mitcheson

1983

Britannia

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“…First, workers removed the waste heap along the wall and protected the scattered original Great Wall stones by means of a dry barrier. Second, after the restoration of the main wall, a layer of crushed stones was used to level the top surface of the wall, followed by installation of turf to prevent erosion from precipitation and freeze-thaw repetition [18]. The restoration method of the Clayton Wall gained attention because people wanted to know how to interpret and address the relationship between architectural heritage and plants in the area within the process of restoration or conservation and how to protect the top surface after restoration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garden on the Great Wall—A Sustainable Solution for the Plants on the Top Surface of the Great Wall Heritage Site

Pan,

Tao,

Huang

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The Great Wall is a world-renowned cultural heritage site and a national key protected cultural relic in China. The plants on the top surface of the Great Wall heritage site are one of the factors leading to the occurrence and continuous deterioration of the Great Wall. Therefore, there is ongoing academic controversy on how to scientifically dispose of the plants on the top surface of the Great Wall heritage site. Taking Beijing Dazhuangke Great Wall as an example, the preliminary field research was completed. This paper further describes the key technology for the disposal of remaining roots after removing the ground part of the plants from the top surface of the Great Wall heritage site and clarifies the basic idea of using the original covered soil on the top surface of the Great Wall heritage site, back-filling the original covered soil stripped via reparation of the layers and the regenerated plants in a seed bank to create ‘soft capping’ protection. This study provides a basic framework for ‘soft capping’ on the top surface of the Great Wall heritage site and construction of the cultural landscape of the ‘Garden on the Great Wall’.

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“…Tra le rovine del forte di High Rochester in Inghilterra sono venute alla luce due epigraÀ che ricordano la costruzione di una piattaforma per artiglieria (ballistarium) durante il regno di Elagabalo e la ricostruzione o il restauro della stessa sotto Alessandro Severo. 31 Il sito ospitava, nell'epoca in questione, la Cohors I À da Vardullorum equitata milliaria, 32 un'unità di ausiliari, il che pone inÀ niti problemi sul rapporto che intercorreva fra auxilia e artiglierie, poiché queste ultime erano un'esclusiva legionaria. 33 È stato ipotizzato che il ballistarium in questione potesse identiÀ carsi con la postazione che, secondo Ammiano, 34 doveva essere eretta per posizionare l'onager in batteria e che quindi questo pezzo fosse già di normale utilizzo nel primo quarto del terzo secolo d.C. 35 L'ipotesi non è da scartare a priori, ma non può essere argomentata.…”

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La crisi del terzo secolo e l’evoluzione delle artiglierie romane

Martino¹

2007

Crises and the Roman Empire

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Hadrian's Wall

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Yardhope. A Shrine to Cocidius?

Yardhope. A Shrine to Cocidius?

Garden on the Great Wall—A Sustainable Solution for the Plants on the Top Surface of the Great Wall Heritage Site

La crisi del terzo secolo e l’evoluzione delle artiglierie romane

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