Haematological and Histopathological Effects of Mosquito Coil Smoke on Kidney-An Experimental study on Albino Rat.

Abstract

Introduction: Mosquitoes have long been identified as the main vectors of many human and animal diseases like West Nile fever, malaria, dengue, etc. Mosquito coils are the most preferred mosquito repellent products used especially in low-income communities, due to cheap price. The most common active ingredients in mosquito coils pyrethroids, are known to cause nephrotoxicity and,haematoxicity. However substantial data is lacking on the effects of mosquito coils containing d-trans allethrin. Subjects and Methods: In this study we report the histological and haematological effects of smoke from such coil on albino rat (Wistar). The study was performed on Thirty albino rats divided into five groups (A, B, C, D, E) of six animals each. Control group A we left unexposed to coil smoke while rest (B-E) were exposed for 4, 6,8,10 weeks respectively. Results: We observed a statistically significant increase in the levels of serum urea and creatinine in experimental groups C, D and E. Levels of serum sodium and potassium remained unaffected in the experimental animals. Histopathological studies on kidneys revealed generalised degenerative changes proportional to quantity of coil smoke exposure. Conclusion: General human masses should be made aware about such possible hazards and adequate measures should be taken to ensure minimal exposure to coil smoke during domestic use.

Toxicological and histopathological alterations in the heart of young and adult albino rats exposed to mosquito coil smoke

“…Due to the economic affordability and easy market accessibility to this type of mosquito repellent, it is widely used in Asia, South America, and Africa, including Egypt, especially in rural areas (Abdrabouh 2021 ). Approximately 2 billion people are exposed to elevated smoke resulting from incomplete biomass combustion of 50 billion mosquito coils burned, resulting in indoor air pollution (Syed et al 2019 ). Epidemiological studies showed that children and their parents exposed to mosquito coil smoke are more susceptible to the released chemicals overnight during sleeping quarters (Hassan et al 2019 ).…”