Haematological  Malignancies in Nigeria: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management – A Systematic Review.

Ugwu, N I; Nwannadi, IA

doi:10.46912/jbrcp.168

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…5 . There are several challenges facing the diagnosis and prognosis of hematological malignancies among which include: late presentation of patients in advanced stage of the diseases, financial constraints and wrong/delayed diagnosis owing to poor diagnostic facility such as the use of only morphology for histological diagnosis without immunochemistry and poorly equipped facilities 17 . This study is aimed at comparing c-MYC expression in hematological malignancies and apparently healthy subjects as well as assess its diagnostic and prognostic role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and prognostic value of c-MYC gene expression in hematological malignancies

Maryann Okafor,

Uchechi Okoroiwu,

Ogar Ogar

2023

Afr H. Sci.

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Introduction: c-MYC plays vital role in regulation of cell proliferation and has been associated with tumorigenesis. This studyis aimed at assessing diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma c-MYC expression to aid in early diagnosis and prognosis ofhematological malignancies. Methods: Plasma c-MYC expression was determined by quantitative real time PCR using EVA Green chemistry and cluster ofdifferentiation markers performed via immunocytochemistry. Result: Plasma c-MYC was higher in subject with hematological malignancies (8.8 ± 1.1) when compared with apparently healthy controls (4.5 ± 0.5). A screening cut-off c-MYC ratio value of 9.42 with sensitivity and specificity of 65.5% and 100% respectively were obtained using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. Plasma c-MYC was found to have no prognostic value using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Conclusion: Plasma c-MYC ratio showed promising screening/diagnostic value for hematological malignancies. Keywords: c-MYC; c-MYC screening; prognosis with c-MYC; hematological malignancies; plasma c-MYC; c-MYC in malignancies;c-MYC expression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and prognostic value of c-MYC gene expression in hematological malignancies

Maryann Okafor,

Uchechi Okoroiwu,

Ogar Ogar

2023

Afr H. Sci.

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Prevalence and predictors of pulmonary fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia and aggressive lymphomas: Implications for cancer care in developing countries

Ayuk

Ekop

Ozoya

et al. 2021

JPATS

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Objectives: Among patients receiving cancer therapy, pulmonary fungal infections (PFIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Identifying predictors of PFI can direct targeted prophylaxis to improve outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) with limited resources. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the predictors of PFI in hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies in the United States and implications for prioritizing anti-fungal care in LMIC. Materials and Methods: Using the 2018 National Inpatient Sample, we conducted a retrospective study of patients ≥18 years, with acute leukemia or aggressive lymphoma. Demographics and outcomes were compared between patients with and without PFI. Predictors of PFI were evaluated by regression analysis. Results: PFI was diagnosed in 1635 (0.8%) of 205,525 eligible hospitalizations and aspergillosis was noted in 1315 (80.4%) of PFI cases. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounted for 64.2% of cases of PFI. Patients with PFI, when compared with those without PFI, were younger, had higher Charlson comorbidity index, were more likely to be non-Caucasian, and to have AML. Patients with PFI had higher odds of respiratory failure, sepsis, and in-hospital mortality. Variables associated with PFI were Hispanic or native American origin (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.21–2.42), Charlson comorbidity index ≥3 (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.16–2.00), neutropenia (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.58–2.46), malnutrition (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.75–3.01), bone marrow transplant status (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.53–3.39), and AML diagnosis (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 2.40–4.05). Conclusions: This study identified variables associated with PFI in patients diagnosed with acute leukemia and aggressive lymphomas. In LMIC, where resources are scarce, patients with cancer who have the identified high-risk characteristics should be given priority for antifungal prophylaxis.

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Distribution Pattern and Prevalence of Haematological Cancers among Adults in Abakaliki, South-Eastern Nigeria

Ugwu¹,

Okoye²,

Ugwu³

et al. 2021

Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Background: Haematological cancers are clonal diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, with the distribution pattern not known in our locality. This study aimed to describe the distribution pattern and prevalence of haematological cancers among adults in Abakaliki, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was an 8-year retrospective study in which the hospital records/case notes of adult patients diagnosed and managed for haematological cancers from May 2012 to April 2020 were reviewed. Data obtained were analysed with the SPSS software, version 20. Results: One hundred and thirty-five cases of haematological cancers were included in the study, with 72 (53.4%) males and 63 (46.6%) females and male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1. The age range was 18–82 years, with a mean age of 49 ± 17 years. Lymphoid malignancies predominate more than myeloid (101 [74.8%] vs. 34 [25.2%]). The leukaemias were more predominant than the lymphomas and myeloma accounting for 48.2%, 36.3% and 7.4%, respectively. Chronic leukaemias were more common than the acute leukaemias with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) being the most common accounting for 24.4% of haematological cancers. In general, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was the most common haematologic cancer accounting for 35 (25.9%), followed by CLL 33 (24.4%), chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) 17 (12.6%), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) 14 (10.4%) and multiple myeloma (MM) 10 (7.4%). Others include acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) 9 (6.7%) and acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) 6 (4.4%). Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and polycythaemia vera (PV), each contributed 3% while myelofibrosis (MF) and essential thrombocythaemia (ET) contributed 1.5% and 0.7%, respectively. Conclusion: This study has shown that haematological cancers are not uncommon in our locality with NHL being the most common, followed by CLL, CML, HL, MM, ALL, AML, MDS, PV. MF and ET in that order. The burden of haematological cancers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria is therefore significant and should be prioritised in health-care policy formulation and management.

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Haematological Malignancies in Nigeria: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management – A Systematic Review.

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Diagnostic and prognostic value of c-MYC gene expression in hematological malignancies

Diagnostic and prognostic value of c-MYC gene expression in hematological malignancies

Prevalence and predictors of pulmonary fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia and aggressive lymphomas: Implications for cancer care in developing countries

Distribution Pattern and Prevalence of Haematological Cancers among Adults in Abakaliki, South-Eastern Nigeria

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