Hair Follicle Reconstruction and Stem Cells

Abstract

De novo hair follicle (HF) formation in embryonic skin and hair growth in postnatal skin are the result of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions between specialized mesenchymal dermal papilla (DP) and epithelial stem cells that give rise to hairs. Adult HF is a valuable source of diferent lineages of stem cells (SCs) with morphogenetic potential. Epithelial stem cells are residing in the special compartment of HF (the bulge) and can be mobilized to regenerate the new follicle with each hair cycle and to reepithelialize epidermis during wound repair. This review summarizes the current knowledge on key characteristics of HF SC populations in terms of regenerative potential. General biological principles that govern the mesenchymal-epithelial interactions within the HF and the signaling pathways that control HF development are discussed. The main focus is on recent approaches to reconstruct folliculogenesis in vitro and perspectives of the tissue engineering in alopecia therapy.

Design of In Vitro Hair Follicles for Different Applications in the Treatment of Alopecia—A Review

“…Prevalence values for male pattern hair loss (MPHL) range from 16–96%, depending on whether mild forms of MPHL are included. Interestingly, female pattern hair loss (FPHL) prevalence values are comparable to MPHL [ 2 ]. An increasing number of young patients are experiencing signs of alopecia, and only a few effective treatments for alopecia currently exist on the market [ 2 ].…”

“…Interestingly, female pattern hair loss (FPHL) prevalence values are comparable to MPHL [ 2 ]. An increasing number of young patients are experiencing signs of alopecia, and only a few effective treatments for alopecia currently exist on the market [ 2 ]. Besides pharmacological treatment, surgical hair restoration methods are becoming increasingly popular, with a market value of $8452.5 million in 2018, estimated to rise to $12,119.4 million by 2026 [ 2 ].…”

“…An increasing number of young patients are experiencing signs of alopecia, and only a few effective treatments for alopecia currently exist on the market [ 2 ]. Besides pharmacological treatment, surgical hair restoration methods are becoming increasingly popular, with a market value of $8452.5 million in 2018, estimated to rise to $12,119.4 million by 2026 [ 2 ]. Over the last few years, the hair restoration industry has been accelerating research towards new trends and innovations.…”

“…Over the last few years, the hair restoration industry has been accelerating research towards new trends and innovations. Among these, the follicular unit extraction segment garnered a 34.3% share of the market in 2018 [ 2 ]. Currently, the most promising ways to further advance the field of regenerative hair medicine seem to be developing different methods for extracting trichogenic cells to grow small hair-follicle-like structures.…”

The Reconstructed Human Epidermis in vitro — a Model for Basic and Applied Research of Human Skin

“…Среди них -регуляция клеточной пролиферации, дифференциации, трансформации, стволовые клетки и их ниши, эпителио-мезенхимные взаимодействия, морфогенез, регенерация, заболевания кожи и многие др. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Кожа представляет собой сложный орган, состоящий из эпидермиса, дермы, подкожной жировой клетчатки и придатков кожи, включая волосяной фолликул, сальную и потовую железы.…”