Hairy‐Skin‐Adaptive Viscoelastic Dry Electrodes for Long‐Term Electrophysiological Monitoring

Abstract

Long-term epidermal electrophysiological (EP) monitoring is crucial for disease diagnosis and human-machine synergy. The human skin is covered with hair that grows at an average rate of 0.3 mm per day. This impedes a stable contact between the skin and dry epidermal electrodes, resulting in motion artifacts during ultralong-term EP monitoring. Therefore, accurate and high-quality EP signal detection remains challenging. To address this issue, a new solution-the hairy-skin-adaptive viscoelastic dry electrode (VDE) is reported. This innovative technology is capable of bypassing hair and filling into the skin wrinkles, leading to long-lasting and stable interface impedance. The VDE maintains a stable interface impedance for a remarkable period of 48 days and 100 cycles. The VDE is highly effective in shielding against hair disturbances in electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring, even during intense chest expansion, and in electromyography (EMG) monitoring during large strain. Furthermore, the VDE is easily attachable to the skull without requiring any electroencephalogram (EEG) cap or bandage, making it an ideal solution for EEG monitoring. This work represents a substantial breakthrough in the field of EP monitoring, providing a solution for the previously challenging issue of monitoring human EP signals on hairy skin.

Rolling 2D Bioelectronic film into 1D: a Suturable Long-term Implantable Soft Microfiber

“…The central nervous and neuromuscular system provides the basic body control and kinetic energy for daily physiological activities of the human body, such as the movement of the body’s limbs ( 1, 2 ), heart stripes ( 3, 4 ), intestinal peristalsis ( 5, 6 ), and so on. During the operation, the neuromuscular system, for example, emits both electrophysiological ( 7 ) and mechanical signals ( 8 ) that can be monitored by sensors. Notably, soft sensors designed with mechanical properties similar to human tissues and the ability to stretch alongside them have proven particularly valuable in this context ( 9-12 ).…”

“…Neuromuscular system provides the basic kinetic energy for daily physiological activities of human body, such as the movement of the body’s limbs 1,2 , heart stripes 3,4 , intestinal peristalsis 5,6 , and so on. While working, it emits electrophysiological 7 and mechanical signals 8 that can be monitored by sensors, especially soft sensors with mechanical properties similar to human tissues and stretching with them. 9-12 By those signals, its functional state is evaluated and vital for extensive applications of human-machine interface and healthcare.…”

Solvent‐Triggered, Ultra‐Adhesive, Conductive, and Biocompatible Transition Gels for Wearable Devices

“…[ 1,2 ] These wearable devices always directly contact the human body to monitor physical, physiological, or emotional signals of the wearer, and the obtained signals are critically dependent on intimate interfacial. [ 3,4 ] However, traditional silicon‐ or semiconductor‐based materials overly depend on adhesion to fix on the human body. [ 5–7 ] The fabrication of intrinsically strong adhesion to adapt to complex practical (micro) environments remains a formidable challenge, [ 8,9 ] especially in moist, sweaty conditions, which lead to failure in electrode adhesion and, thus, signal distortion.…”

High Signal to Noise Ratio Piezoelectric Thin Film Sensor Based on Elastomer Amplification for Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

“…Real-time health monitoring technology plays an important role in our daily lives and has made significant breakthroughs in clinical diagnosis. − For example, wearable electronics can dynamically identify abnormal changes in physiological signals such as ECG, sphygmus, and respiration . One of the most extensive areas of research is cardiovascular disease monitoring, including the birth of different principles of pressure sensors, − ultrasound sensors, , and hybrid mechanism sensors, , etc., which provide ideas for cardiovascular prevention.…”