Haiti: absence of dengue hemorrhagic fever despite hyperendemic dengue virus transmission.

Halstead, Scott B.; Streit, Thomas G.; Lafontant, Jack Guy; Putvatana, Ravithat; Russell, Kevin L.; Sun, Wellington; Kanesa-thasan, Niranjan; Hayes, Curtis G.; Watts, Douglas M.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.180

Cited by 177 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Host factors that increase the risk of severe dengue disease include female sex, several human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles, a promoter variant of the DC-SIGN receptor gene, a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) gene and AB blood group [31][32][33][34][35][36] . Host factors that reduce the risk of severe disease during a second dengue infection include race, second or third degree malnutrition, and polymorphisms in the Fcγ receptor and vitamin D receptor genes [37][38][39][40][41][42] . Secondary dengue infections in adults can produce the classical DSS or severe disease complicated by haemorrhages.…”

Section: Dengue Virus Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue: a continuing global threat

et al. 2010

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Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever are important arthropod-borne viral diseases. Each year, there are ~50 million dengue infections and ~500,000 individuals are hospitalized with dengue haemorrhagic fever, mainly in Southeast Asia, the Pacific and the Americas. Illness is produced by any of the four dengue virus serotypes. A global strategy aimed at increasing the capacity for surveillance and outbreak response, changing behaviours and reducing the disease burden using integrated vector management in conjunction with early and accurate diagnosis has been advocated. Antiviral drugs and vaccines that are currently under development could also make an important contribution to dengue control in the future.Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral infection of humans. Worldwide, an estimated 2.5 billion people are at risk of infection, approximately 975 million of whom live in urban areas in tropical and sub-tropical countries in Southeast Asia, the Pacific and the Americas 1 . Transmission also occurs in Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean, and rural Europe PMC Funders GroupAuthor Manuscript Nat Rev Microbiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 February 19. Published in final edited form as:Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 December ; 8(12 0): S7-16. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2460. Europe PMC Funders Author ManuscriptsEurope PMC Funders Author Manuscripts communities are increasingly being affected. It is estimated that more than 50 million infections occur each year, including 500,000 hospitalizations for dengue haemorrhagic fever, mainly among children, with the case fatality rate exceeding 5% in some areas [1][2][3][4] . The geographical areas in which dengue transmission occurs have expanded in recent years (FIG. 1), and all four dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1-4) are now circulating in Asia, Africa and the Americas, a dramatically different scenario from that which prevailed 20 or 30 years ago (FIG. 2). The molecular epidemiology of these serotypes has been studied in an attempt to understand their evolutionary relationships 11 .This Review will provide an update on our understanding of the pathogenesis of this successful pathogen, how we diagnose and control infection and the progress that has been made in vaccine development. Dengue virus pathogenesisDengue viruses belong to the genus flavivirus within the Flaviviridae family. DENV-1-4 evolved in non-human primates from a common ancestor and each entered the urban cycle independently an estimated 500-1,000 years ago 12 . The virion comprises a spherical particle, 40-50 nm in diameter, with a lipopolysaccharide envelope. The positive singlestrand RNA genome (FIG. 3), which is approximately 11 kb in length, has a single open reading frame that encodes three structural proteins -the capsid (C), membrane (M) and envelope (E) glycoproteins -and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B and NS5 [18][19][20] . ADE occurs when mononuclear phagocytes are infected through their Fc receptors by immune complexes that form between DE...

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Section: Dengue Virus Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue: a continuing global threat

et al. 2010

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“…88,89 Other evidence for a host genetic basis to susceptibility stems from case-control association studies.…”

Section: Genetic Determinants Of Dengue Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The pathogenesis of dengue

Whitehorn

Simmons

2011

Vaccine

226

185

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“…In Haiti, one dry and two rainy seasons occur annually. 21 Specimens were collected in January-March (Dry), which includes part of the dry season. Specimens were also collected in April-July (Rain1), which includes the first rainy season from April-June, and in August-October (Rain2), which is the second rainy season.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Evaluation of Enteric Protozoa in Haitian Children by Stool Exam and Multiplex Serologic Assay

Moss

Priest

Hamlin³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Haitian children were monitored longitudinally in a filariasis study. Included were stool samples examined for Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica cysts, and serum specimens analyzed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to eight recombinant antigens from G. intestinalis (variant-specific surface protein [VSP1-VSP5]), E. histolytica (lectin adhesion molecule [LecA]), and Cryptosporidium parvum (17-and 27-kDa) using a multiplex bead assay. The IgG responses to VSP antigens peaked at 2 years of age and then diminished and were significantly lower (P 0.002) in children 4.5 years than in children 4.5 years. The IgG responses to Cryptosporidium tended to increase with age. The IgG responses to LecA and VSP antigens and the prevalence of stools positive for cysts were significantly higher (P 0.037 and P 0.035, respectively) in the rainy season than in the dry season. The multiplex bead assay provides a powerful tool for analyzing serologic responses to multiple pathogens.

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Haiti: absence of dengue hemorrhagic fever despite hyperendemic dengue virus transmission.

Cited by 177 publications

References 27 publications

Dengue: a continuing global threat

Dengue: a continuing global threat

The pathogenesis of dengue

Longitudinal Evaluation of Enteric Protozoa in Haitian Children by Stool Exam and Multiplex Serologic Assay

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