Hallucination-Specific structure-function associations in schizophrenia

Roes, Meighen; Yin, John; Taylor, Laura D.; Metzak, Paul D.; Lavigne, Katie M.; Chinchani, Abhijit; Tipper, Christine M.; Woodward, Todd S.

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111171

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…The anterior cingulate cortex is a major hub of the salience network engaged in cognitive, homeostatic, motivational, and affective functions. Gray matter loss and cortical thinning in this region have been linked to auditory hallucinations in FEP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Thickness Abnormalities at Different Stages of the Illness Course in Schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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IMPORTANCE Questions of whether and how cortical thickness (CTh) alterations differ over the course of schizophrenia (SCZ) have yet to be resolved. OBJECTIVE To characterize CTh alterations across illness stages in SCZ.DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Science Direct were screened for CTh studies published before June 15, 2021.STUDY SELECTION Original studies comparing whole-brain CTh alterations from healthy controls in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR), first episode of psychosis (FEP), and long-term illness stages of SCZ were included.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS This preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA reporting guidelines. Separate and pooled meta-analyses were performed using seed-based d mapping. Meta-regression analyses were conducted. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESCortical thickness differences from healthy control individuals across illness stages. RESULTS Ten studies comprising 859 individuals with CHR (mean [SD] age, 21.02 [2.66] years; male, 573 [66.7%]), 12 studies including 671 individuals with FEP (mean [SD] age, 22.87 [3.99] years; male, 439 [65.4%]), and 10 studies comprising 579 individuals with long-term SCZ (mean [SD] age, 41.58 [6.95] years; male, 396 [68.4%]) were included. Compared with healthy control individuals, individuals with CHR showed cortical thinning in bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (z = −1.01; P < .001). Individuals with FEP showed cortical thinning in right lateral superior temporal cortex (z = −1.34; P < .001), right anterior cingulate cortex (z = −1.44; P < .001), and right insula (z = −1.14; P = .002). Individuals with long-term SCZ demonstrated CTh reductions in right insula (z = −3.25; P < .001), right inferior frontal cortex (z = −2.19; P < .001), and left (z = −2.37; P < .001) and right (z = −1.94; P = .002) temporal pole. There were no significant CTh differences between CHR and FEP. Individuals with long-term SCZ showed greater cortical thinning in right insula (z = −2.58; P < .001), right inferior frontal cortex (z = −2.32; P < .001), left lateral temporal cortex (z = −1.91; P = .002), and right temporal pole (z = −1.82; P = .002) than individuals with FEP. Combining all studies on SCZ, accelerated age-related CTh reductions were found in bilateral lateral middle temporal cortex and right pars orbitalis in inferior frontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe absence of significant differences between FEP and CHR noted in this systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that the onset of psychosis was not associated with robust CTh reduction. The greater cortical thinning in long-term SCZ compared with FEP with accelerated age-related reduction in CTh suggests progressive neuroanatomic alterations following illness onset. Caution in interpretation is needed because heterogeneity in samples and antipsychotic treatment may confound these results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Thickness Abnormalities at Different Stages of the Illness Course in Schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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“…The results of our ROC analyses suggest that the right hippocampal volume is a potential marker for differentiation between SZ and BD. To this end, multimodal functional neuroimaging studies [26,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] that combine structural MRI [3,16,[18][19][20][21]23,[26][27][28][42][43][44]51,[61][62][63], functional MRI [26,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]64,65], magnetic resonance spectroscopy [66][67][68][69], positron emission tomography [69][70][71][72], elec...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Hippocampal Volume in Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Quantitative MRI Study

Sato

Hirano

Hirakawa

et al. 2021

JPM

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Since patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) share many biological features, detecting biomarkers that differentiate SZ and BD patients is crucial for optimized treatments. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is suitable for detecting subtle brain structural differences in patients with psychiatric disorders. In the present study, we adopted a neuroanatomically defined and manually delineated region of interest (ROI) method to evaluate the amygdalae, hippocampi, Heschl’s gyrus (HG), and planum temporale (PT), because these regions are crucial in the development of SZ and BD. ROI volumes were measured using high resolution MRI in 31 healthy subjects (HS), 23 SZ patients, and 21 BD patients. Right hippocampal volumes differed significantly among groups (HS > BD > SZ), whereas left hippocampal volumes were lower in SZ patients than in HS and BD patients (HS = BD > SZ). Volumes of the amygdalae, HG, and PT did not differ among the three groups. For clinical correlations, there were no significant associations between ROI volumes and demographics/clinical symptoms. Our study revealed significant lower hippocampal volume in patients with SZ and BD, and we suggest that the right hippocampal volume is a potential biomarker for differentiation between SZ and BD.

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“…Although the link between functional connectivity and microstructure of structural pathways of the brain is not fully understood (Bullmore & Sporns, 2009;Friston, 2011b;Honey et al, 2009;, abnormal network structure-function associations have been reported in schizophrenia (Cocchi et al, 2014;Fitzsimmons et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2017;Skudlarski et al, 2010). This has been particularly evident for patients who experience AVH (Benetti et al, 2015;Kubera et al, 2019;Roes et al, 2020). Indeed, the disconnection hypothesis is a longstanding perspective for schizophrenia (Coyle et al, 2016;Friston & Frith, 1995;Pettersson-Yeo et al, 2011;Rubinov & Bullmore, 2022;Silverstein et al, 2016).…”

Section: Salience: An Imbalance In Functional Brain Network?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive study on the cognitive mechanisms and neural substrates of hallucination proneness

Johnson¹

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Hallucination-Specific structure-function associations in schizophrenia

Cited by 6 publications

References 103 publications

Cortical Thickness Abnormalities at Different Stages of the Illness Course in Schizophrenia

Cortical Thickness Abnormalities at Different Stages of the Illness Course in Schizophrenia

Lower Hippocampal Volume in Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Quantitative MRI Study

A comprehensive study on the cognitive mechanisms and neural substrates of hallucination proneness

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