Hallux valgus, ankle osteoarthrosis and adult acquired flatfoot deformity: a review of three common foot and ankle pathologies and their treatments

Abstract

The pathogenesis of hallux valgus deformity is multifactorial. Conservative treatment can alleviate pain but is unable to correct the deformity. Surgical treatment must be adapted to the type and severity of the deformity. Success of surgical treatment ranges from 80% to 95%, and complication rates range from 10% to 30%. Ankle osteoarthrosis most commonly occurs as a consequence of trauma. Ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement are the most common surgical treatments of end stage ankle osteoarthrosis. Both types of surgery result in similar clinical improvement at midterm; however, gait analysis has demonstrated the superiority of total ankle replacement over arthrodesis. More recently, conservative surgery (extraarticular alignment osteotomies) around the ankle has gained popularity in treating early- to mid-stage ankle osteoarthrosis. Adult acquired flatfoot deformity is a consequence of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction in 80% of cases. Classification is based upon the function of the tibialis posterior tendon, the reducibility of the deformity, and the condition of the ankle joint. Conservative treatment includes orthotics and eccentric muscle training. Functional surgery is indicated for treatment in the early stages. In case of fixed deformity, corrective and stabilising surgery is performed. Cite this article: Crevoisier X, Assal M, Stanekova K. Hallux valgus, ankle osteoarthrosis and adult acquired flatfoot deformity: a review of three common foot and ankle pathologies and their treatments. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:58–64. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.000015.

Backpacks Effect on Foot Posture in Schoolchildren with a Neutral Foot Posture: A Three-Year Prospective Study

“…Some cases of flatfoot can negatively impact quality of life [ 11 ] lead to comorbidities [ 12 ]. Moreover, flatfoot can be associated with lower extremity injuries [ 13 ] and other foot problems, including foot pain [ 14 , 15 ], hallux abducto valgus [ 16 , 17 ], hammertoes [ 18 ], and osteoarthritis [ 19 ]. The treatment of asymptomatic pediatric flatfoot has been discussed to a great extent [ 20 ].…”

Tratamiento quirúrgico del pie plano adquirido del adulto. Caso clínico

“…La cirugía funcional está indicada para el tratamiento de los primeros estadios. Por el contrario en estadios más avanzados que contemplan gran deformidad, lo más adecuado es optar por una cirugía correctiva y estabilizadora (8).…”

Role of Functional MSCT in the Diagnosis of Elastic Flatfoot Deformity

“…Papaliodis et al (2014) отмечали, что от 5 до 20% взрослых страдают от плоскостопия [9]. К факторам риска можно отнести женский пол и поздний взрослый возраст по критериям ВОЗ (средний по данным исследований возраст -45-55 лет), повышенное питание, прием кортикостероидов, наличие дополнительной ладьевидной кости (os tibiale externum), различные нарушения периферического кровообращения [10,11,12,13].…”

“…Этиология приобретенной плоской деформации стопы имеет целый комплекс причин, среди которых на первое место выходит патология сухожилия задне-большеберцовой мышцы (ЗББМ) [10,14,15,16]. Crevoisier X. et al (2016) утверждали, что дисфункция сухожилия ЗББМ составляет 80% от всех возможных факторов, влияющих на возникновение плоскостопия [12].…”