Halobacillus gen. nov., with Descriptions of Halobacillus litoralis sp. nov. and Halobacillus trueperi sp. nov., and Transfer of Sporosarcina halophila to Halobacillus halophilus comb. nov.

Spring, Stefan; Ludwig, Wolfgang; Márquez, M. Carmen; Ventosa, António; Schleifer, Karl‐Heinz

doi:10.1099/00207713-46-2-492

Cited by 258 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…1). The predominant menaquinone and fatty acid profiles of B. halodenitrificans were similar to those of the genus Virgibacillus, although there are few clear-cut differences in chemotaxonomic characteristics between the genera Bacillus and Virgibacillus (Spring et al, 1996;Wainø et al, 1999;Yoon et al, 2002;Heyrman et al, 2003). B. halodenitrificans is also phylogenetically related to the genera Lentibacillus and Oceanobacillus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Transfer of Bacillus halodenitrificans Denariaz et al. 1989 to the genus Virgibacillus as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans comb. nov.

Yoon

Park

2004

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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A Gram-variable, endospore-forming moderately halophilic rod, strain SF-121, was isolated from a marine solar saltern of the Yellow Sea in Korea. The result of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain SF-121 has highest sequence similarity (99?7 %) with the type strain of Bacillus halodenitrificans. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that B. halodenitrificans DSM 10037 T and strain SF-121 are more closely related to the genus Virgibacillus than to the genus Bacillus. Strain SF-121 and B. halodenitrificans DSM 10037 T exhibited 16S rRNA gene similarity levels of 95?3-97?5 % with the type strains of Virgibacillus species and 94?0 % with the type strain of Bacillus subtilis. DNA-DNA relatedness and phenotypic data indicated that B. halodenitrificans DSM 10037 T and strain SF-121 are members of the same species. B. halodenitrificans DSM 10037 T and strain SF-121 exhibited DNA-DNA relatedness values of 9-11 % with the type strains of Virgibacillus carmonensis and Virgibacillus marismortui. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genetic data, B. halodenitrificans should be reclassified in the genus Virgibacillus as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans comb. nov.

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confidence: 83%

Transfer of Bacillus halodenitrificans Denariaz et al. 1989 to the genus Virgibacillus as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans comb. nov.

Yoon

Park

2004

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…16s rRNA gene sequence analyses have identified at least 10 phylogenetic groups in the genus Bacillus (2, 3, 7 , 23, 26, 31, 33, 34, 36). Five of the groups have been reclassified as the new genera Alicyclobacillus (36), Paenibacillus (2), Halobacillus (33), Brevibacillus ( 3 l), and Aneurinibacillus (31). The genus Paenibacillus as proposed by Ash et al (2) consists of the following 11 species: Paenibacillus pobmyxa, Paenibacillus alvei, Paenibacillus gordonae, Paenibacillus larvae, Paenibacillus pulvifaciens, Paenibacillus macerans, Paenibacillus azotojkans, Paenibacillus pabuli, Paenibacillus macquariensis, Paenibacillus amylolyticus, and Paenibacillus validus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of Bacillus alginolyticus, Bacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus curdlanolyticus, Bacillus glucanolyticus, Bacillus kobensis, and Bacillus thiaminolyticus to the Genus Paenibacillus and Emended Description of the Genus Paenibacillus

Sato¹,

Takagi²,

Kadowaki³

et al. 1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

452

379

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We determined the taxonomic status of six Bacillus species (Bacillus alginolyticus, Bacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus curdlanolyticus, Bacillus glucanolyticus, Bacillus kobensis, and Bacillus thiuminolyticus) by using the results of 16s rRNA gene sequence and cellular fatty acid composition analyses. Phylogenetic analysis clustered these species closely with the Paenibacillus species. Like the Paenibacillus species, the six Bacillus species contained anteiso-C,,,, fatty acid as a major cellular fatty acid. The use of a specific PCR primer designed for differentiating the genus Paenibacillus from other members of the BaciUaceae showed that the six Bacillus species had the same amplified 16s rRNA gene fragment as members of the genus Paenibacillus. Based on these observations and other taxonomic characteristics, the six Bacillus species were transferred to the genus Paenibacillus. In addition, we propose emendation of the genus Paenibacillus.Rod-shaped, aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria have generally been assigned to the genus Bacillus, a systematically diverse taxon (5). 16s rRNA gene sequence analyses have identified at least 10 phylogenetic groups in the genus Bacillus (2, 3, 7 , 23, 26, 31, 33, 34, 36). (12), that P. pulvifaciens was a subspecies of P. larvae (ll), and that Bacillus lautus and Bacillus peoriae should be transferred to the genus Paenibacillus (13). In addition, Nakamura proposed the new species Paenibacillus apianus (22). Consequently, the genus Paenibacillus consists of 13 species and one subspecies.Members of the genus Paenibacillus are facultatively anaerobic organisms that produce spores in definitely swollen sporangia and have G+C contents ranging from 45 to 54 mol%, and some of these organisms excrete diverse assortments of extracellular polysaccharide-hydrolyzing enzymes (5, 25). Interestingly, many recently described Bacillus species possess the general characteristics of the genus Paenibacillus. The noteworthy ability of these species to hydrolyze complex carbohydrates, including alginate (19), chondroitin (19), chitin (25), curdlan (14), and other polysaccharides (25), suggests that some of them may be related to the genus Paenibacillus. To understand the taxonomic position of these Bacillus species * Corresponding author. Mailing address: Research Laboratory, Higeta Shoyu Co., Ltd., 2-8 Chuo-cho, Choshi, Chiba 288, Japan. Phone: 81-479-22-1180. Fax: 81-479-24-3422. E-mail: LDX05744 @niftyserve.or.jp. 289among the Bacillaceae, we determined the sequences of their 16s rRNA genes and compared these sequences with homologous sequences available for other members of the Bacillaceae. In addition, a highly specific PCR amplification primer was designed on the basis of the 16s rRNA gene sequence alignments for differentiating the genus Paenibacillus from other aerobic, endospore-forming rods. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. The bacterial strains used in this study are listed in Table 1. Working stocks were cultured on tryptic soy agar plates (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) fo...

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“…In recent years, twelve new genera of aerobic sporeforming bacteria have been proposed : Alicyclobacillus (Wisotzkey et al, 1992), Amphibacillus (Niimura et al, 1990), Aneurinibacillus and Brevibacillus (Shida et al, 1996), Filobacillus (Schlesner et al, 2001), Geobacillus (Nazina et al, 2001), Halobacillus (Spring et al, 1996), Paenibacillus (Ash et al, 1993), Virgibacillus (Heyndrickx et al, 1998), Gracilibacillus and Salibacillus (Wainø et al, 1999) and Ureibacillus (Fortina et al, 2001). Many species and genus names used routinely in the current scientific literature are not present in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (Claus & Berkeley, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A prominent trend of current microbiological practice is the identification of microorganisms based only on 16S rRNA sequences, which provides rather limited resolution (Schloter et al, 2000 ;Stackebrandt & Goebel, 1994) incorrect identification and, more dangerously, to incorrect association of DNA sequences in a genetic database with particular species, which will multiply the error many times. It would be useful to supply scientists with a method to check quickly whether their strains identified by 16S rRNA agree with the corresponding species characteristics.In recent years, twelve new genera of aerobic sporeforming bacteria have been proposed : Alicyclobacillus (Wisotzkey et al, 1992), Amphibacillus (Niimura et al, 1990), Aneurinibacillus and Brevibacillus (Shida et al, 1996), Filobacillus (Schlesner et al, 2001), Geobacillus (Nazina et al, 2001), Halobacillus (Spring et al, 1996), Paenibacillus (Ash et al, 1993), Virgibacillus (Heyndrickx et al, 1998), Gracilibacillus and Salibacillus (Wainø et al, 1999) and Ureibacillus (Fortina et al, 2001). Many species and genus names used routinely in the current scientific literature are not present in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (Claus & Berkeley, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified technique for identification of the aerobic spore-forming bacteria by phenotype.

Reva¹,

Sorokulova²,

Smirnov³

2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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The use of modern research approaches of genetics, biochemistry and molecular biology has led to progress in bacterial taxonomy. Systematic study of the aerobic spore-forming bacteria has resulted in the realignment of the genus Bacillus into several new genera. In the meantime, the identification process has become more difficult for the non-specialist in Bacillus taxonomy. This paper presents a key for the simplified phenotypic identification of the mesophilic, aerobic, spore-forming bacteria belonging to the genera Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevibacillus, Aneurinibacillus, Geobacillus and Virgibacillus. A total of 81 species were included and 115 morphological and physiological tests were analysed for their discriminative efficiency. This key is practical for rough but quick identification of aerobic spore-forming bacteria isolated from nature. Such preliminary identification will be helpful for the selection of reference strains and methods for more precise identification using the newest techniques. The reliability of the proposed identification key was tested on 100 cultures from the Ukrainian Collection of Microorganisms. The developed identification key is represented in interactive mode on a website (http://www/imv.kiev.ua/key/). Keywords : identification, phenotype, spore-forming bacteria INTRODUCTIONAerobic spore-forming bacteria represent a major microflora in many natural biotopes, where they play an important role in ecosystem development ; they are able to transform many chemical compounds, including industrial pollutants. Therefore, the investigation of these micro-organisms is highly important for microbiologists dealing with ecological studies and environment protection. The identification of aerobic spore-forming bacteria was always a difficult task, but has recently become almost impossible to the nonspecialist in the field of bacillus systematics and identification. Many of the up-to-date, sophisticated genetic and biochemical methods that have permitted improvements in bacilli taxonomy are too difficult for routine use. A prominent trend of current microbiological practice is the identification of microorganisms based only on 16S rRNA sequences, which provides rather limited resolution (Schloter et al., 2000 ;Stackebrandt & Goebel, 1994) incorrect identification and, more dangerously, to incorrect association of DNA sequences in a genetic database with particular species, which will multiply the error many times. It would be useful to supply scientists with a method to check quickly whether their strains identified by 16S rRNA agree with the corresponding species characteristics.In recent years, twelve new genera of aerobic sporeforming bacteria have been proposed : Alicyclobacillus (Wisotzkey et al., 1992), Amphibacillus (Niimura et al., 1990), Aneurinibacillus and Brevibacillus (Shida et al., 1996), Filobacillus (Schlesner et al., 2001), Geobacillus (Nazina et al., 2001), Halobacillus (Spring et al., 1996), Paenibacillus (Ash et al., 1993), Virgibacillus (Heyndrickx et al., 1998), Gracili...

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Halobacillus gen. nov., with Descriptions of Halobacillus litoralis sp. nov. and Halobacillus trueperi sp. nov., and Transfer of Sporosarcina halophila to Halobacillus halophilus comb. nov.

Cited by 258 publications

References 24 publications

Transfer of Bacillus halodenitrificans Denariaz et al. 1989 to the genus Virgibacillus as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans comb. nov.

Transfer of Bacillus halodenitrificans Denariaz et al. 1989 to the genus Virgibacillus as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans comb. nov.

Transfer of Bacillus alginolyticus, Bacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus curdlanolyticus, Bacillus glucanolyticus, Bacillus kobensis, and Bacillus thiaminolyticus to the Genus Paenibacillus and Emended Description of the Genus Paenibacillus

Simplified technique for identification of the aerobic spore-forming bacteria by phenotype.

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