Halogen-free flame retardant radiation curable coatings

Randoux, Th.; Vanovervelt, J. C.; Bergen, Hugues Van den; Camino, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/s0300-9440(02)00051-6

Cited by 62 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although the required level of fire retardancy can normally be attained via blending with resins as additives, 4 because the high concentration of additives leads to curing difficulties and severe degradation, such additives are not optimal for UV-curable systems. 5 To overcome these problems, some halogen-based reactive-type monomers and oligomers have been prepared and used with some common acrylate resins to reduce their flammability. 4,6 However, halogen-type flame retardants give rise to toxic gases and corrosive smoke during combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photopolymerization and thermal behavior of phosphate diacrylate and triacrylate used as reactive‐type flame‐retardant monomers in ultraviolet‐curable resins

Liang

Asif

Shi

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Tri(acryloyloxyethyl)phosphate (TAEP) and di(acryloyloxyethyl)ethyl phosphate (DAEEP) were used as reactive-type flame-retardant monomers along with commercial epoxy acrylate and polyurethane acrylate oligomers in ultraviolet (UV)-curable resins. The concentrations of the monomers were varied from 17 to 50 wt %. The addition of the monomers greatly reduced the viscosity of the oligomers and increased the photopolymerization rates of the resins. The flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of the UV-cured films were investigated with the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the thermal stability at high temperatures greater than 400°C and the LOI values of the UV-cured resins, especially those containing epoxy acrylate, were largely improved by the addition of the monomers. The dynamic mechanical thermal properties of the UV-cured films were also measured. The results showed that the crosslink density increased along with the concentrations of the monomers. However, the glass-transition temperature decreased with an increasing concentration of DAEEP because of the reduction in the rigidity of the cured films, whereas the glass-transition temperature increased with the concentration of TAEP because of the higher crosslink density of the cured films.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photopolymerization and thermal behavior of phosphate diacrylate and triacrylate used as reactive‐type flame‐retardant monomers in ultraviolet‐curable resins

Liang

Asif

Shi

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The second class, Intumescent Coatings, include coatings that combine the properties of the first class with protection of the substrate by formation of an insulation layer during its combustion [2,3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For preparation of UV curable flame retardant PU resin, phosphorous containing diol is first reacted with excess of diisocyanate compound. The resultant NCO prepolymer is then endcapped with the acrylate monomer that introduces UV reactive functionality[2] . Sheng Wu Zhu et al synthesized phosphorous containing hyperbranched PUs (HPUA-P)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Modification of Thermoplastic and Thermoset Polymers using Flame Retardants: An Overview

Wazarkar

Kathalewar

Sabnis

2015

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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Flame retardants are the chemicals used in thermoplastics, thermosets, textiles and coatings to arrest the spread of fire. There are basically two ways to improve flame retardancy, namely additive and reactive. It was observed that the reactive modification enhances flame retardancy of polymer to the greater extent than the additive route. Hence in this review, more emphasis is given to the reactive approach. Following review depicts various flame retardants that can be incorporated to thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, their mechanism of action and their combined effect on flame retardant properties of polymer system in which they are incorporated in.

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“…Typical examples of flame-retardants are organic-phosphorous compounds or halogen-containing compounds. However, halogen-containing flame-retardants could generate toxic gases such as dioxin and halogen acid during the combustion process as well as smoke evolution [3][4][5]. The phosphorous containing flame-retardants are in the form of phosphates, phosphonates, amido-phosphates, and phosphonium salts [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and flame-retardancy of UV-curable methacryloyloxy ethyl phosphates

Jang

Jeong

2008

Fibers Polym

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Tris[2-methacryloyloxy ethyl] phosphate (TMEP), bis(2-methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphate (DMEP), and 2-(methacryloyloxy ethyl) phosphate (MMEP) were synthesized from phosphorous oxychloride and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, which can be used as flame retardant monomers for UV-curable coating systems. The characterization of the synthesized monomers was carried out by 1 H-NMR, FT-IR, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and the limited oxygen index (LOI) test. The thermal behavior of the cured films depended on phosphorous content and the methacrylate groups in the monomer. The UVcured films from TMEP, DMEP, and MMEP monomers showed LOIS of 28.5, 30.3, and 35.1 respectively. Also, LOI up to 25.4 was obtained for the UV-coated cotton fabrics, which presumably occur through a condensed phase mechanism as verified in the increased residue number. The higher performance of UV-coated cotton fabrics compared to PET was attributed to the facile dehydration and crosslinking of the cellulosic materials.

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Halogen-free flame retardant radiation curable coatings

Cited by 62 publications

References 13 publications

Photopolymerization and thermal behavior of phosphate diacrylate and triacrylate used as reactive‐type flame‐retardant monomers in ultraviolet‐curable resins

Photopolymerization and thermal behavior of phosphate diacrylate and triacrylate used as reactive‐type flame‐retardant monomers in ultraviolet‐curable resins

Reactive Modification of Thermoplastic and Thermoset Polymers using Flame Retardants: An Overview

Synthesis and flame-retardancy of UV-curable methacryloyloxy ethyl phosphates

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