Photopolymerization and thermal behavior of phosphate diacrylate and triacrylate used as reactive‐type flame‐retardant monomers in ultraviolet‐curable resins

Abstract

Tri(acryloyloxyethyl)phosphate (TAEP) and di(acryloyloxyethyl)ethyl phosphate (DAEEP) were used as reactive-type flame-retardant monomers along with commercial epoxy acrylate and polyurethane acrylate oligomers in ultraviolet (UV)-curable resins. The concentrations of the monomers were varied from 17 to 50 wt %. The addition of the monomers greatly reduced the viscosity of the oligomers and increased the photopolymerization rates of the resins. The flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of the UV-cured films were investigated with the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the thermal stability at high temperatures greater than 400°C and the LOI values of the UV-cured resins, especially those containing epoxy acrylate, were largely improved by the addition of the monomers. The dynamic mechanical thermal properties of the UV-cured films were also measured. The results showed that the crosslink density increased along with the concentrations of the monomers. However, the glass-transition temperature decreased with an increasing concentration of DAEEP because of the reduction in the rigidity of the cured films, whereas the glass-transition temperature increased with the concentration of TAEP because of the higher crosslink density of the cured films.

In situsynthesis of a novel transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) resin with markedly enhanced flame retardancy

“…The phosphorus-containing moieties, which remain in the condensed phase, can catalyze the char formation through promoting the dehydrogenation of polymers at relative low temperature, finally improving the thermal stability of residues at high temperature. [24,25] This point can be confirmed by the better thermal stability of nanocomposites than that of PMMA at high temperature. For example, the T 0.5 increases gradually from 299.6°C to 359.8°C as DOPO-AA content rises.…”

Thermal degradation characteristics of a novel flame retardant coating using TG-IR technique

“…by using curable flame retardants. A series of multifunctional oligomers/monomers have been used as flame retardants for UV curable systems [4,5]. Poly(bisphenyl acryloxyethyl phosphate) has been blended in different ratios with urethane acrylate EB220 to obtain a series of UV curable flameretardant resins [6].…”

Thermal degradation and combustion of a novel UV curable coating containing phosphorus

“…So, UV curable flame-retardant coating is more and more important. A series of multifunctional oligomers/monomers have been used as flame retardants for UV curable systems [5,6]. Poly(bisphenyl acryloxyethyl phosphate) has been blended in different ratios with urethane acrylate EB220 to obtain a series of UV curable flame-retardant resins [7].…”