2023
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160526
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Halogenated flame retardant exposure pathways in urban-adapted gulls: Are atmospheric routes underestimated?

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Cited by 5 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…An alternative explanation is that most of the MFA variation was driven by the high concentrations of PFOS and long-chain PFCAs, not the precursors that are comparatively minor despite high bioaccumulation potential from air to swallows. Nevertheless, inhalation of PFAS is still a (likely) source of PFAS for tree swallows, as inhalation of PFAS is well documented for humans, and for birds inhaling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated flame retardants . Future research should further investigate inhalation as a route of exposure to PFAS for birds by measuring PFAS concentrations, specifically in lung tissue only.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…An alternative explanation is that most of the MFA variation was driven by the high concentrations of PFOS and long-chain PFCAs, not the precursors that are comparatively minor despite high bioaccumulation potential from air to swallows. Nevertheless, inhalation of PFAS is still a (likely) source of PFAS for tree swallows, as inhalation of PFAS is well documented for humans, and for birds inhaling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated flame retardants . Future research should further investigate inhalation as a route of exposure to PFAS for birds by measuring PFAS concentrations, specifically in lung tissue only.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nevertheless, inhalation of PFAS is still a (likely) source of PFAS for tree swallows, as inhalation of PFAS is well documented for humans, 62 and for birds inhaling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 15 and halogenated flame retardants. 16 Future research should further investigate inhalation as a route of exposure to PFAS for birds by measuring PFAS concentrations, specifically in lung tissue only.…”
Section: Pfas Concentrations In Abiotic and Biotic Compartmentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…One proposed solution to this problem is the development of flame retardants [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], which could restrain the ignition and fire-spreading of polymer materials, specifically decreasing heat release and smoke production. To date, various flame retardants have been developed to achieve satisfactory fire resistance in different polymer materials, such as halogenated flame retardants [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], inorganic layered compounds [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], and phosphorous–nitrogen intumescent flame retardants [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Flame-retardant polymers and their composites have been used widely in construction, electronics, transportation, and so on [ 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%