Haly Abbas (949–982 AD)

Ethnopharmacological knowledge of Shiraz and Fasa in Fars region of Iran for diabetes mellitus

“…Historically, Fars province, especially Shiraz, was an important center of herbal medicine trade in Iran. Moreover, Shiraz was the center of medical education in mediaeval ages and popular medieval physicians such as Hally Abbas, Ibn Ilyas Mansuri, Ghotboddin Shirazi and Aghili Alavi Shirazi studied and practiced in Shiraz (Cameron, 1948;Elgood, 1970;Khalili et al, 2010;Lane, 2012;Vessal et al, 2014;Zargaran et al, 2013). Shiraz has a 189,151 km 2 area, located between latitudes 291, 61 0 N and longitudes 521,54 0 E. Its average annual rainfall and temperature are 337 mm and 18 1C.…”

An untold story: The important contributions of Muslim scholars for the understanding of human anatomy

“…For example, the first part of the third nerve is the abducens nerve, and the remaining part together with the forth nerve represents the trigeminal nerve (Table ). Importantly, it has been reported that ibn Abbas followed Galen's description of the cranial nerves (Zargaran etal., ), but our own direct analysis and translation of ibn Abbas’ original texts indicates that he was the first scholar describing the trochlear nerve (Table ). Moreover, ibn Abbas was one of few early scholars who corrected the believe that a single nerve innervated the ear and face, describing instead two separate nerves (vestibulocochlearis and facialis) (Shehata, ).…”

“…Ibn Abbas wrote his medical encyclopedia Ketab Kamel Al-Sena-a Al-Tebiah (The Complete Art of Medicine), known also as Al-Ketab Al-Malki (The Royal Book) while he was in Baghdad, Golzari et al, 2013;Zargaran et al, 2013;Dalfardi et al, 2014a). The Royal Book was written in Arabic and has a first, theoretical, part and a second, practical, part (Golzari et al, 2013;Zargaran et al, 2013;Dalfardi et al, 2014a). Each part has ten chapters (Maqala) and each chapter has numerous sections (Bab) (Dalfardi et al, 2014a).…”

Toledo School of Translators and their influence on anatomical terminology

“…His work Liber medicinalis Almansoris is a true encyclopedia of the medical knowledge of his age. The first one of his ten books is dedicated to anatomy, which is studied in 26 chapters (Aciduman et al, 2010;Zargaran et al, 2013). • Abu al-Qasim Khalaf ibn al-Abbas Al-Zahrawi (936-1013), in Latin also known as Albucasis or Abulqasim, was an Andalusian physician -born in El-Zahra, north of Cordoba -and is considered the greatest Islamic Golden Age teacher of surgery.…”