Hand‐Operated Piston Corers for Lake Sediments

Cushing, Edward J.; Wright, H. E.

doi:10.2307/1936353

Cited by 74 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Cores were taken with a 10 cm diameter piston corer with a clear Lucite tube, modified from the design of Cushing & Wright (1965). Cores 2s, 6s, and 8s ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in diatom and chrysophyte assemblages and inferred pH: paleolimnological studies of Big Moose Lake, New York, USA

et al. 1991

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We measured variability in the composition of diatom and chrysophyte assemblages, and the pH inferred from these assemblages, in sediment samples from Big Moose Lake, in the Adirondack Mountains of New York. Replicate samples were analyzed from (1)a single sediment core interval, (2) 12 different intervals from each of 3 separate cores, and (3) 10 widely spaced surface sediment samples (0-1 cm). The variability associated with sample preparation (subsampling, processing, and counting) was relatively small compared to between-core and within-lake variability. The relative abundances of the dominant diatom taxa varied to a greater extent than those of the chrysophyte scale assemblages. Standard deviations ofpH inferences for multiple counts from the same sediment interval from diatom, chrysophyte, and diatom plus chrysophyte inference equations were 0.04 (n = 8), 0.06 (n = 32), and 0.06 (n = 8) of a pH unit, respectively. Stratigraphic analysis of diatoms and chrysophytes from three widely spaced pelagic sediment cores provided a similar record of lake acidification trends, although with slight differences in temporal rates of change. Average standard deviations of pH inferences from diatom, chrysophyte and diatom plus chrysophyte inference equations for eight sediment intervals representing similar time periods but in different cores were 0.10, 0.20, and 0.09 pH unit, respectively. Our data support the assumption that a single sediment core can provide an accurate representation of historical change in a lake. The major sources of diatom variability in the surface sediments (i.e., top 1.0 cm) were (1) differences in diatom assemblage contributions from benthic and littoral sources, and (2)the rapid change in assemblage composition with sediment depth, which is characteristic of recently acidified lakes. Because scaled chrysophytes are exclusively planktonic, their spatial distribution in lake sediments is less variable than the diatom assemblages. Standard deviations ofpH inferences for 10 widely spaced surface sediment samples from diatom, chrysophyte and diatom plus chrysophyte inference equations were 0.21, 0.09, and 0.16 of a pH unit, respectively. 268

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“…Cores were taken with a 10 cm diameter piston corer with a clear Lucite tube, modified from the design of Cushing & Wright (1965). Cores 2s, 6s, and 8s ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in diatom and chrysophyte assemblages and inferred pH: paleolimnological studies of Big Moose Lake, New York, USA

et al. 1991

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“…Nesje 1992) or a series of overlapping largediameter cores (e.g. Cushing and Wright 1965). Such cores usually provide enough material for the majority of analyses to be performed, but perhaps not enough for studies of fossil beetles or some organic bio-markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-proxy studies in palaeolimnology

Birks

2006

Veget Hist Archaeobot

316

173

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Multi-proxy studies are becoming increasingly common in palaeolimnology. Eight basic requirements and challenges for a multi-proxy study are outlined in this essay -definition of research questions, leadership, site selection and coring, data storage, chronology, presentation of results, numerical tools and data interpretation. The nature of proxy data is discussed in terms of physical proxies and biotic proxies. Loss-on-ignition changes and the use of transfer functions are reviewed as examples of problems in the interpretation of data from multi-proxy studies. The importance of pollen analysis and plant macrofossil analysis in multi-proxy studies is emphasised as lake history cannot be interpreted without knowledge of catchment history. Future directions are outlined about how multi-proxy studies can contribute to understanding biotic responses to environmental change.

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“…Cores were acquired during the winter seasons of 1981-84 using a modified Livingstone piston corer (CUSHING and WRIGHT, 1965). Recovery of the fine-grained lacustrine sediment typically ranged from 2 to 4 m per core, with maximum penetration depth usually limited by salt beds or coarse clastic horizons.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleohydrology, Sedimentology, and Geochemistry of Two Meromictic Saline Lakes in Southern Saskatchewan

Last¹,

Slezak²

2007

gpq

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The Northern Great Plains of western Canada contain numerous saline and hypersaline lakes. Most of these lakes are shallow (< 3 m) and exhibit playa characteristics. Some, however, are relatively deep, permanent water bodies. The sediment records of these deep perennial saline lakes offer an excellent opportunity to evaluate key paleohydrologic and hydrochemical parameters. Variations in these parameters may, in turn, be interpreted with respect to climatic fluctuations in the region. Waldsea and Deadmoose lakes, located in south-central Saskatchewan, are both presently meromictic, with saline Mg-Na-SO4-CI waters overlying denser hypersaline brines of similar composition. The modern sediments of the lakes consist of a mixture of organic matter, finegrained detrital elastics (mainly clay minerals, carbonate minerals, quartz, and feldspars), and finely crystalline endogenic/authigenic precipitates (aragonite, gypsum, calcite, pyrite, and mirabilite). Variations in mineralogy and chemistry of sediment cores from the morphologically simple Waldsea basin show that the lake was much shallower and more saline about 4000 years ago. Although water levels have since generally increased in the basin giving rise to higher organic productivity and greater inorganic carbonate precipitation, there is also evidence of several hydrologie reversals during the last 2000 years. The stratigraphy preserved in nearby Deadmoose Lake is much more complex because of the irregular basin morphology. Lower water levels about 1000 years ago created several isolated but still relatively deep lakes in the Deadmoose basin.

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Hand‐Operated Piston Corers for Lake Sediments

Cited by 74 publications

References 3 publications

Variability in diatom and chrysophyte assemblages and inferred pH: paleolimnological studies of Big Moose Lake, New York, USA

Variability in diatom and chrysophyte assemblages and inferred pH: paleolimnological studies of Big Moose Lake, New York, USA

Multi-proxy studies in palaeolimnology

Paleohydrology, Sedimentology, and Geochemistry of Two Meromictic Saline Lakes in Southern Saskatchewan

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