A modification of the Livingstone sampler, a thin—wall core sampler with stationary piston, will obtain long and undeformed cores of sediment from shallow lakes, with core diameters of 1 to 2 inches. Cores of 4—inch diameter up to 1½ m long can be taken with a piston sampler of slightly different design. The utility of both samplers is greatly extended by their use in combination with a drive frame and two lightweight chain hoists, which can provide up to 2 tons of force for driving and withdrawing the samplers.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.