Handbook of Modern Grinding Technology

King, Robert I.; Hahn, R. S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-1965-8

Cited by 47 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…It was therefore important to insure that the process parameters avoided any unstable zones with respect to vibration, lobing and chatter. A spreadsheet was designed from well established geometric relationships [2,3,4] to account for the combinations of wheel diameters, part diameter, blade height and angle, grinding versus regulating wheel angle and wheel speeds that could interfere and cause excessive process instability.…”

Section: Set-up and Test Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bearing Grinding Fluids

Hoff¹,

Salmon

2008

KEM

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Grinding tests and trials on production equipment is a most expensive proposition. The expense is not only with respect to the monetary cost, but also the down time associated with interrupting a production line to make special runs and set-ups. That high cost is generally the reason given why not to conduct production grinding tests. Testing is more easily justified in a laboratory environment, however the testing can become “clinical” such that it is far removed from the real world of production grinding and the results are often unrealistic. It has been the object of this project to target an industry and simulate, as closely as possible, a production grinding environment, in the laboratory, to encompass all of the realism of bearing production but with quick-changeover features that allow frequent and accurate adjustments to the process with respect to the set-up but moreover, the grinding fluid. The end result is test data that is meaningful, directly relevant, acceptable and understandable to the industry. It has also provided a platform for further investigative work with respect to the surface texture produced by certain fluid chemistries.

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Section: Set-up and Test Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bearing Grinding Fluids

Hoff¹,

Salmon

2008

KEM

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“…Two things make modeling grinding more complicated than turning: wear of the wheel cannot be neglected, and there are two rotating elements that can "regenerate" -the workpiece and the grinding wheel. A particularly good reference on grinding stability is given by Srinivasan in [KinHah86]. The grinding machine structure is modeled as a transfer function between the normal grinding force and the structural displacement like Eq (8.3c) for turning =_--,1,--_ keq kdyn(s)· (8.9)…”

Section: Modeling the Structure Kinematics Materials Removal And Weamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Machining Vibration for Stability Analysis

DeVries

1992

Analysis of Material Removal Processes

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Up to this point inertial forces in cutting and grinding have been ignored. For the most part it has been assumed that the stiffness of the machine tool is infinite, except for the sparkout analysis in Chapter 6. This chapter will remove these restrictions to develop simplified dynamic models for cutting and grinding. Transfer functions based on these models will be used to analyze machining and grinding stability in the frequency domain. The equations of motion will illustrate how a simple time domain simulation can be used to analyze stability.These topics are included in a machining analysis book because the best process plan based on static and kinematic analysis may not work because of excessive vibration. This vibration can be damaging to the machine tool, destroy the cutting edges or tooling used to make a part, and produce parts that do not meet technical specifications on dimension or finish. The simple models developed in this chapter help explain mechanisms at work in more complex systems and may actually be good enough for many applications. Figure 8.1 indicates a number of the inputs, constraints, mechanisms and methods used to model and predict dynamic forces and deflections. Correcting or compensating for excessive vibration can be done by either the choice of cutting conditions, usually termed stability analysis, or by re-designing a process, workholding element or machine tool to increase the range of stable operations. The main tools for analyzing these problems will be the mechanics of cutting and grinding and the kinematics of the specific process from which the equations of motion for the system can be written. The analysis in this chapter will deal exclusively with what is termed regenerative chatter vibration.This chapter starts with a quick classification of vibration problems encountered in machining and machine tools, to show where regenerative chatter fits in. Regenerative chatter will be the focus of the next two sections, concentrating on turning and grinding as applications. The topics covered in this chapter include: deriving the equations of motion, a simple numerical simulation, defining the stability boundaries of a particular machine tool using stability charts, and practical ways to identify and correct some machine vibration problems encountered in practice.

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“…All these metallurgical flaws are commonly regrouped under the term "Grinding Burns" (GBs). GBs occur when the grinding energy generates too much heat, overcoming threshold levels and causing microstructural changes [3,4]. GBs modify the local hardness and can be a source of internal stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Signatures and Magnetization Mechanisms for Grinding Burns Detection and Evaluation

Ducharne,

Sebald,

Petitpré

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Grinding thermal damages, commonly called grinding burns occur when the grinding energy generates too much heat. Grinding burns modify the local hardness and can be a source of internal stress. Grinding burns will shorten the fatigue life of steel components and lead to severe failures. A typical way to detect grinding burns is the so-called nital etching method. This chemical technique is efficient but polluting. Methods based on the magnetization mechanisms are the alternative studied in this work. For this, two sets of structural steel specimens (18NiCr5-4 and X38Cr-Mo16-Tr) were metallurgically treated to induce increasing grinding burn levels. Hardness and surface stress pre-characterizations provided the study with mechanical data. Then, multiple magnetic responses (magnetic incremental permeability, magnetic Barkhausen noise, magnetic needle probe, etc.) were measured to establish the correlations between the magnetization mechanisms, the mechanical properties, and the grinding burn level. Owing to the experimental conditions and ratios between standard deviation and average values, mechanisms linked to the domain wall motions appear to be the most reliable. Coercivity obtained from the Barkhausen noise, or magnetic incremental permeability measurements, was revealed as the most correlated indicator (especially when the very strongly burned specimens were removed from the tested specimens list). Grinding burns, surface stress, and hardness were found to be weakly correlated. Thus, microstructural properties (dislocations, etc.) are suspected to be preponderant in the correlation with the magnetization mechanisms.

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Handbook of Modern Grinding Technology

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Bearing Grinding Fluids

Evaluation of Bearing Grinding Fluids

Modeling Machining Vibration for Stability Analysis

Magnetic Signatures and Magnetization Mechanisms for Grinding Burns Detection and Evaluation

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