Happily ever after Egyptians' values and life satisfaction after the Arab Spring

Hawash, Ronia; AlAzzawi, Shireen

doi:10.1504/ijhd.2021.117784

Cited by 1 publication

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“…In Egypt, the period under study was initially characterized by a strong push toward economic reform, trade liberalization and privatization of state owned firms, followed by the 2008 economic crisis and a surge of popular discontent leading to the 2011 uprising and the 2011-2014 political changes. The 2012 survey was conducted exactly one year after the January 25th Revolution and conditions reflect the deep economic downturn that ensued due to political uncertainty and rising violence (Assaad et al, 2019a, b;Hawash and AlAzzawi, 2021). The 2018 survey followed a series of significant currency devaluations in January 2013, March 2016 and notably November 2016, as well as reductions in energy and other government subsidies, and the introduction of a value added tax, all of which hit the most vulnerable households particularly hard (AlAzzawi and Hlasny, 2019a).…”

Section: Country Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 2012 survey was conducted exactly one year after the January 25th Revolution and conditions reflect the deep economic downturn that ensued due to political uncertainty and rising violence (Assaad et al. , 2019a, b; Hawash and AlAzzawi, 2021). The 2018 survey followed a series of significant currency devaluations in January 2013, March 2016 and notably November 2016, as well as reductions in energy and other government subsidies, and the introduction of a value added tax, all of which hit the most vulnerable households particularly hard (AlAzzawi and Hlasny, 2019a).…”

Section: Related Literature and Country Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Youth labor market vulnerabilities: evidence from Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia

AlAzzawi

Hlásny

2022

IJM

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the prevalence and drivers of employment vulnerability among youth in Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia, and their propensity to transition to better jobs over time.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on longitudinal data from Labor Market Panel Surveys spanning 6–20 years. The authors use transition matrices to examine the prevalence of transitions between labor market statuses for the same individuals over time, distinguishing between youth and non-youth, and men and women, as well as multinomial logistic regressions that control for individual and family background, including previous labor market status, family wealth and parental education.FindingsThe paper finds that youth in all three countries were disadvantaged in terms of labor market outcomes with most young men in particular ending up in vulnerable jobs while women of all ages were most likely to exit the labor market all together, unless they had formal jobs. Moreover, youth who started out in the labor market in a vulnerable job were unlikely to move to a better-quality job over time. Family wealth, parental education and father's occupation were found to be important determinants of labor market outcomes and vulnerability, even after a long period of work experience.Social implicationsThe paper finds that wealth effects, parental education and occupation effects follow workers throughout their careers, implying low equality of opportunity and inter-generational and lifetime mobility.Originality/valueThe findings indicate worsening labor market outcomes over time, heavily influenced by family background. High levels of vulnerable employment persistence, regardless of skill and experience, reinforce the importance of initial labor market outcome on the quality of lifetime employment prospects.

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Section: Country Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Literature and Country Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%