Hapten/Myristoyl Functionalized Poly(propyleneimine) Dendrimers as Potent Cell Surface Recruiters of Antibodies for Mediating Innate Immune Killing

Abstract

Recruiting endogenous antibodies to the surface of cancer cells using antibody‐recruiting molecules has the potential to unleash innate immune effector killing mechanisms against antibody‐bound cancer cells. However, the affinity of endogenous antibodies is relatively low, and many currently explored antibody‐recruiting strategies rely on targeting over‐expressed receptors, which have not yet been identified in most solid tumors. In this study, we aimed to address both challenges by functionalizing poly(propyleneimine) (PPI) dendrimers with both multiple dinitrophenyl (DNP) motifs, as anti‐hapten antibody‐recruiting motifs, and myristoyl motifs, as universal phospholipid cell membrane anchoring motifs, to recruit anti‐hapten antibodies to cell surfaces. By exploiting the multivalency of the ligand exposure on the dendrimer scaffold, we demonstrated that dendrimers featuring ten myristoyl and six DNP motifs exhibited the highest antibody‐recruiting capacity in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that treating cancer cells with these dendrimers in vitro marked them for phagocytosis by macrophages in the presence of anti‐hapten antibodies. As a proof‐of‐concept, we showed that intratumoral injection of these dendrimers in vivo in tumor‐bearing mice, resulted in the recruitment of anti‐DNP antibodies to the surface of cells in the tumor microenvironment. Our findings highlight the potential of dendrimers as a promising class of novel antibody‐recruiting molecules for use in cancer immunotherapy.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Dendrimers: Exploring Their Wide Structural Variety and Applications

“…However, a crucial distinction emerges in that while proteins exhibit remarkable asymmetry and highly precise arrangements of functionalities, dendrimers are characterized by remarkable symmetry, often showcasing a singular type of functionality. Although efforts have been made to design multifunctional dendrimers, these materials currently exhibit a random distribution of such functionalities [103]. Undoubtedly, the synthesis of dendrimers incorporating multifunctional arrangements on their surfaces is poised to inaugurate a new realm of highly functional synthetic materials.…”