Hard ultralight systems by thermal spray deposition of WC-CoCr onto AZ31 magnesium alloy

Morelli, Stefania; Rombolà, Giuseppe; Bolelli, Giovanni; Lopresti, Mattia; Puddu, Pietro; Boccaleri, Enrico; Seralessandri, Luca; Palin, Luca; Testa, Veronica; Milanesio, Marco; Lusvarghi, Luca

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2022.129056

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Addressing this challenge requires the adoption of suitable methods to enhance the application prospects of Mg alloy across various industries [4]. Diverse techniques in surface engineering have been utilized to augment the surface attributes of magnesium alloys, such as plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) [5], physical vapor deposition (PVD) [6], micro-arc oxidation (MAO) [7], thermal spray (TS) [8], laser cladding [9], and so on. Within these methods, laser cladding is distinguished by its exceptional precision, versatility in application, capacity for precise thickness control of coatings, and benefit of rapid processing duration [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of Al-TiC MMC Prepared by Laser Cladding on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Pi,

Zhi,

Chen

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Magnesium alloy is extensively used in aircraft, automobiles, and electronic industries due to its low density, high specific strength, and enhanced machinability. However, low hardness and poor corrosion resistance limit its application. In this work, an Al-TiC metal matrix composite (MMC) was prepared on AZ31B magnesium alloy via laser cladding. The effects of laser power and TiC content on the microstructure, hardness, and corrosion resistance of the MMC were investigated. The results showed that the MMC with 10% TiC had a hardness of 184 HV0.1, which was 3.5 times higher than 52 HV0.1 of the substrate. The current density of MMC with 10% TiC was 3.90 × 10−7 A/cm2, which was three orders of magnitude lower than 5.45 × 10−4 A/cm2 of the substrate. Due to more intermetallic compounds (IMCs) and TiC particles, the MMC with 30% TiC had higher hardness. The increased laser power would not change the phase composition, but it contributed to the formation of a concave crescent shape, promoted the diffusion of Mg, and induced the formation of a thicker Al3Mg2 transition layer. Modifications in the TiC concentration markedly influenced the coating’s microstructural characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of Al-TiC MMC Prepared by Laser Cladding on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Pi,

Zhi,

Chen

et al. 2024

Coatings

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“…The possibility of widespread use of magnesium alloys in industry requires significant improvement in the properties of the material's surface. Recently, a detailed description of Mg-based surface modification methods and their characterization was given by Morelli et al [21]. Regarding the area of thermal spraying, the most promising method for cermet coating deposition on magnesium alloy is HVOF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of microstructure and selected properties of WC-Co-Cr coatings sprayed by high-velocity oxy fuel on S235 and AZ31 substrates

Jonda,

Myalska-Głowacka,

Łatka

et al. 2024

Materials Science-Poland

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The purpose of this work was to carry out comparative studies of WC-Co-Cr coatings deposited using the high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) method onto two types of substrate material: structural steel S235 and magnesium alloy AZ31. The influence of the substrate material type on the microstructure, phase composition, crystallite size, porosity, Vickers microhardness, instrumental hardness (HIT), Young’s modulus (EIT), and fracture toughness was investigated. For both substrates, the deposited coatings deposited were characterized with fine-grained and compact microstructure. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed presence of following phases: WC, W2C, Co0.9W0.1, and Co3W9C4. The WC phase was the most desirable and stable one with crystallites were below 100 nm. On the other hand, the size of the W2C crystallites was below 30 nm. The coatings obtained showed porosity values equal to 2.3 ± 0.4 vol% and 2.8 ± 0.7 vol% for AZ31 and S235, respectively. The average Vickers microhardness for both types of sample was appproximately 1200 HV0.3. The average HIT values for carbide particles and metallic matrix were around 29 GPa and 6.5 GPa, respectively. In the case of EIT, it was around 620 GPa and 190 GPa for WC and Co-Cr, respectively. The differences between coatings were negligible. The EIT value for both coatings was equal to 344 ± 11 GPa. The fracture toughness was around 4.5 MPa · m1/2 in both cases. The investigations revealed that it is possible to replace steel substrate material with a much lighter equivalent, in this case AZ31 alloy, without deterioration of the coating properties.

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“…It could be done by many methods, however part of them is not suitable for magnesium alloys. The valuable review of this area was given by Morelli et al [7]. The second way is connected with coatings deposition using thermal spray methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of HVOF Spray Distance on Solid Particle Erosion Resistance of WC-based Cermets Bonded by Co, Co-Cr and Ni Deposited on Mg-alloy Substrate

Jonda,

Łatka,

Lont

et al. 2024

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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Magnesium alloys are very interesting engineering materials because of their high strength-to-density ratio. On the other hand, they are characterized by low hardness as well as low erosion resistance. Because of these reasons, their applications in the industry are very limited. The article presents the results of the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying of the hard cermet coatings onto AZ31 magnesium alloy substrate. Three feedstock powders were used in the process with composition (wt.%): WC-12Co, WC-10Co-4Cr and WC-20Cr 3 C 2 Ni. The spray distance (SD) was selected as a variable parameter with values equal to 320 and 400 mm. Observations carried out under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed a typical HVOF-sprayed microstructure with a compact structure and low porosity (below 3 vol.%). The hardness of the manufactured coatings, ranging from 912 HV0.2 to 1328 HV0.2, what was significantly higher than the substrate. The solid particle erosion tests were carried out according to the ASTM G76-04 standard. Erosive experiments were done for 30°, 60° and 90° inclination angles of the nozzle using Al 2 O 3 abrasive. Erosion tests confirm that cermets exhibit substantial erosion resistance better than the substrate. The highest erosion resistance was noted for WC-10Co-4Cr coatings. The erosion rate for cermet coatings was mostly below 0.9 mg/min, whereas for the AZ31 it was more than 1.5 mg/min. In the case of the average erosion value, it was between 12 and 22 times lower than for the substrate. Results analysis reveal that shorter spray distance decreases porosity, increases hardness, and finally supports erosion resistance of the cermets.

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Hard ultralight systems by thermal spray deposition of WC-CoCr onto AZ31 magnesium alloy

Cited by 12 publications

References 104 publications

Microstructure, Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of Al-TiC MMC Prepared by Laser Cladding on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Microstructure, Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of Al-TiC MMC Prepared by Laser Cladding on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Comparative analysis of microstructure and selected properties of WC-Co-Cr coatings sprayed by high-velocity oxy fuel on S235 and AZ31 substrates

The Effect of HVOF Spray Distance on Solid Particle Erosion Resistance of WC-based Cermets Bonded by Co, Co-Cr and Ni Deposited on Mg-alloy Substrate

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